Troubleshooting Switching Power Converters

Power Supply design is all about detail. And a large part of that detail lies in the practical domain, largely because of the typically small number of microseconds of switching periods involved, and the even smaller tens of nanoseconds of switch transition times --- all these, in effect accentuating various "second-order" effects, that eventually end up playing prime havoc with "normal" expectations of how the circuit should behave. So not unsurprisingly, even after reading several books, most readers still find themselves no closer to the ultimate goal of designing an actual power supply. Sooner or later, all engineers start realizing the hard fact that designing a switching power supply isn't the trivial task it once seemed to be. But even after years of successfully mastering the underlying theory, the ultimate goal of creating a cost-effective, reliable and commercially viable power supply may still remain a distant dream, since success ultimately hinges on experience. That is, in fact, what clearly differentiates a senior and seasoned power supply engineer from the others --- the ability to navigate and surmount a veritable minefield of tricky issues that can only be learned the hard way, by actual hands-on experience on the job. This book presents practical knowledge the author acquired rather painfully, while working "in the trenches" for several years in major engineering companies scattered across several continents. This is intended to be the mythical senior engineer's "bag of tricks," finally made available in the form of an easy-to-read book on your shelf. This book will make life for the ambitious power supply engineer much simpler --- besides reducing significantly, the rigorous requirement of having to be a senior engineer's protégé for years on end, just to gain a small measure of real success in this field. * A practical presentation that answers the important question: why is my switching converter behaving so differently than what I was expecting on the basis of my paper design? And how do I bridge that huge gap? * For the first time, a systematic and thorough discussion of troubleshooting switching power supplies. * Coverage of AC/DC and DC/DC power supplies. * Bench Evaluation of semiconductor ICs used in power conversion --- describing standard and unusual techniques mastered by the author, while testing similar chips at National Semiconductor. * Detailed coverage of vital topics that haven't been covered by available sources --- grounding systems, the subtleties of component datasheets, and using instruments and probes effectively. * Systematic investigation (type of failure mechanism, topology, etc.) and solutions for 5 years of reported power supply issues on a prominent, public web forum. This approach will ensure that engineers will not repeat the same mistakes. * A unique, readable style: personal and direct; no mystification--- just the plain truth, easily and logically explained, with plenty of pictures, graphs and plots.

Chapter 1: The Principles of Switching Power Conversion Chapter 2: DC-DC Converter Design and Magnetics Chapter 3: Off-line Converter Design and Magnetics Chapter 4: The Topology FAQ Chapter 5: Optimal Core Selection Chapter 6: Component Ratings, Stresses, Reliability and Life Chapter 7: Optimal Power Components Selection Chapter 8: Conduction and Switching Losses Chapter 9: Discovering New Topologies Chapter 10: Printed Circuit Board Layout Chapter 11: Thermal Management Chapter 12: Feedback Loop Analysis and Stability Chapter 13: Paralleling, Interleaving and Sharing Chapter 14: The Front-End of AC-DC Power Supplies Chapter 15: DM and CM Noise in Switching Power Supplies Chapter 16: Fixing EMI across the Board Chapter 17: Input Capacitor and Stability Chapter 18: The Math behind the Electromagnetic Puzzle Chapter 19: Solved Examples Appendix A.

This book is the most comprehensive study available of the theoretical and practical aspects of controlling and measuring Electromagnetic Interference in switching power supplies, including input filter instability considerations. The new edition is thoroughly revised with six completely new chapters, while the existing EMI chapters are expanded to include many more step-by-step numerical examples and key derivations and EMI mitigation techniques. New topics cover the length and breadth of modern switching power conversion techniques, lucidly explained in simple but thorough terms, now with uniquely detailed "wall-reference charts" providing easy access to even complex topics. Step-by-step and iterative approach for calculating high-frequency losses in forward converter transformers, including Proximity losses based on Dowell's equations Thorough, yet uniquely simple design flow-chart for building DC-DC converters and their magnetic components under typical wide-input supply conditions Step-by-step, solved examples for stabilizing control loops of all three major topologies, using either transconductance or conventional operational amplifiers, and either current-mode or voltage-mode control

A contemporary evaluation of switching power design methods with real world applications • Written by a leading author renowned in his field • Focuses on switching power supply design, manufacture and debugging • Switching power supplies have relevance for contemporary applications including mobile phone chargers, laptops and PCs • Based on the authors' successful "Switching Power Optimized Design 2nd Edition" (in Chinese) • Highly illustrated with design examples of real world applications

Reparation og vedligehold af forskellige elektroniske systemer: stereoanlæg, micro datamater, robotter, analoge-og digitale systemer

Switch-Mode Power Converters introduces an innovative, highly analytical approach to symbolic, closed-form solutions for switched-mode power converter circuits. This is a highly relevant topic to power electronics students and professionals who are involved in the design and analysis of electrical power converters. The author uses extensive equations to explain how solid-state switches convert electrical voltages from one level to another, so that electronic devices (e.g., audio speakers, CD players, DVD players, etc.) can use different voltages more effectively to perform their various functions. Most existing comparable books published as recently as 2002 do not discuss closed-loop operations, nor do they provide either DC closed-loop regulation equations or AC loop gain (stability) formulae. The author Wu, a leading engineer at Lockheed Martin, fills this gap and provides among the first descriptions of how error amplifiers are designed in conjunction with closed-loop bandwidth selection. BENEFIT TO THE READER: Readers will gain a mathematically rigorous introduction to numerous, closed-form solutions that are readily applicable to the design and development of various switch-mode power converters. Provides symbolic, closed-form solutions for DC and AC studies Provides techniques for expressing close-loop operation Gives readers the ability to perform closed-loop regulation and sensitivity studies Gives readers the ability to design error amplifiers with precision Employs the concept of the continuity of states in matrix form Gives accelerated time-domain, steady-state studies using Laplace transform Gives accelerated time-domain studies using state transition Extensive use of matrix, linear algebra, implicit functions, and Jacobian determinants Enables the determination of power stage gain that otherwise could not be obtained

* Describes the operation of each circuit in detail * Examines a wide selection of external components that modify the IC package characteristics * Provides hands-on, essential information for designing a switching power supply Simplified Design of Switching Power Supplies is an all-inclusive, one-stop guide to switching power-supply design. Step-by-step instructions and diagrams render this book essential for the student and the experimenter, as well as the design professional. Simplified Design of Switching Power Supplies concentrates on the use of IC regulators. All popular forms of switching supplies, including DC-DC converters, inverters, buck, boost, buck-boost, pulse frequency modulation, pulse width modulation, current-mode control and pulse skipping, are described in detail. The design examples may be put to immediate use or may be modified to meet a specific design goal. As an instructional text for those unfamiliar with switching supplies, or as a reference for those in need of a refresher, this unique book is essential for those involved in switching power-supply design.

There is a large gap between what you learn in college and the practical knowhow demanded in the working environment, running and maintaining electrical equipment and control circuits. Practical Troubleshooting of Electrical Equipment and Control Circuits focuses on the hands-on knowledge and rules-of-thumb that will help engineers and employers by increasing knowledge and skills, leading to improved equipment productivity and reduced maintenance costs. Practical Troubleshooting of Electrical Equipment and Control Circuits will help engineers and technicians to identify, prevent and fix common electrical equipment and control circuits. The emphasis is on practical issues that go beyond typical electrical principles, providing a tool-kit of skills in solving electrical problems, ranging from control circuits to motors and variable speed drives. The examples in the book are designed to be applicable to any facility. Discover the practical knowhow and rules-of-thumb they don't teach you in the classroom Diagnose electrical problems 'right first time' Reduce downtime