Tumor Ablation

There is an enormous sense of excitement in the communities of cancer research and cancer care as we move into the middle third of the ?rst decade of the 21st century. For the ?rst time,there is a true sense of c- ?dence that the tools provided by the human genome project will enable cancer researchers to crack the code of genomic abnormalities that allow tumor cells to live within the body and provide highly speci?c, virtually non-toxic therapies for the eradication,or at least ?rm control of human cancers. There is also good reason to hope that these same lines of inquiry will yield better tests for screening, early detection, and prev- tion of progression beyond curability. While these developments provide a legitimate basis for much op- mism, many patients will continue to develop cancers and suffer from their debilitating effects, even as research moves ahead. For these in- viduals, it is imperative that the cancer ?eld make the best possible use of the tools available to provide present day cancer patients with the best chances for cure, effective palliation, or, at the very least, relief from symptoms caused by acute intercurrent complications of cancer. A modality that has emerged as a very useful approach to at least some of these goals is tumor ablation by the use of physical or physiochemical approaches.

This book encompasses the different technologies employed in thermal ablation, its indications and the results achieved in various clinical conditions. It clearly explains the basics of thermal ablative techniques. In the main part of the book, techniques of guiding the applicators to the target structures by use of different imaging tools are discussed. The book, written by acknowledged experts, has a lucid structure and excellent images.

Covering the history of breast cancer, theory of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), resection of carcinoma, imaging before and after non-surgical ablation therapy and quality of life, this book focuses on extensive breast-conserving treatment for the preservation of a cosmetically acceptable breast. It investigates the feasibility of percutaneous, minimally invasive techniques to ablate breast tumors and several modalities such as cryosurgery, laser ablation, thermoablation and high-intensity focused ultrasound. Non-surgical Ablation Therapy for Early-stage Breast Cancer centers on RFA and provides insights into cryoablation and focused ultrasound surgery. RFA has been shown to be effective for treating tumors in many types of tissue, including liver, bone, brain, kidney, pancreas and prostate. As such this book is a valuable resource for breast and general surgeons, radiation oncologists and medical oncologists in all areas. The extensive discussions enable scholars to gain radiological expertise and a basic understanding of molecular biology, leading to better surgery without scalpels.

The growing knowledge on tumor-immune response interactions and on the tumor microenvironment did not translate so far into better control of cancer by anti-tumor vaccination. The percentage of patients who benefited from vaccination strategies is still too small to justify their general use. It is the aim of this book to present an alternative to the conventional approach of developing injected tumor vaccines to activate anti-tumor immunity, which will fight cancer. It is argued that in situ tumor ablation (destruction) that involves tumor antigen release; cross presentation and the release of danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) can make the tumor its own cellular vaccine. Tumor ablation methods using chemicals, radiation, photodynamic therapy, cryoablation, high-temperature, radiofrequency, high intensity focused ultrasound, and electric-based ablation have been developed for focal tumors. In this book experts will deal with two main topics: I. What are the principles of the various ablation modalities, and II. How each method affects the tumor cells and their microenvironment, and how these effects are responsible for the induction of specific anti-tumor immunity. The aims of this book are thus: 1. Familiarize the readers with various methods of in situ tumor ablation. 2. Review the literature and stimulate comparisons on the efficacy of different ablation methods for the treatment of tumors of different histotypes. 3. Review the literature on the effects of various ablation methods on systemic and local anti tumor immunity and on other manifestations of the interactions of tumors with their microenvironment. 4. Stimulate comparative studies on the immunostimulatory effects of different ablation modalities.

Learn from the experts with this hands-on guide to the latest tumor ablation modalities and techniques Leading authorities on percutaneous tumor ablation come together in this volume to provide a complete overview of everything physicians and other health professionals need to know to successfully implement and administer an image-guided ablation service. After an introduction to the protocols and attendant physics of ablation technology, concise organ-based chapters focus on a wide range of both straightforward and atypical cases to teach readers how to handle the unique clinical and technical challenges associated with percutaneous tumor ablation in different areas of the body. Succinct, step-by-step descriptions complement high-resolution images throughout to illustrate the nuances of each procedure. Features: In-depth guidance on the advantages and drawbacks of various cutting-edge ablation modalities, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, and irreversible electroporation Numerous examples of difficult cases and advice on how to mitigate complications More than 500 high-quality images document the cases and showcase all currently available ablation systems and probes Practical chapters address practice building, patient selection, the pre- and post-operative care of high-risk patients, and more Narrated videos on an accompanying DVD demonstrate state-of-the art tumor ablation equipment and procedures This must-have clinical reference will develop the technical and clinical tumor ablation skills of every fellow and practicing physician in interventional radiology, oncology, and surgical oncology.

Radiofrequency Ablation of Cancer: Current Indications, Techniques and Outcomes discusses the principles and techniques of safe usage of radiofrequency current for the treatment of malignancies. Throughout the text, indications and outcomes data are stressed. Edited and authored by pioneers in the field, the book features extensive discussion of RFA for hepatic tumors, including treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer, combined modality therapy for liver metastases, treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with RFA, laparoscopic RFA, percutaneous RFA, and hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine tumors. In addition, chapters consider the emerging role of RFA in the management of primary breast cancer, primary bone tumors as well as metastatic bone tumors, renal tumors, and lung tumors. The principles and instrumentation as well as the imaging aspects of RFA are presented with comprehensive chapters on ultrasound, MRI, PET and CT by leaders in the field. Complemented by 90 illustrations, this text is the gold standard reference on the use of RFA in treating a wide variety of malignant processes. It will serve as a valuable reference for all physicians engaged in the care of cancer patients.

A comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the role of diagnostic and interventional radiology in respect of liver malignancies. Following background chapters on anatomy, epidemiology, and clinicopathologic features, each of the diagnostic imaging techniques is carefully appraised, focusing on new developments in equipment and contrast agents. The interventional therapeutic approaches to primary and secondary hepatic malignancies are then discussed in depth, as well as such special topics as liver tumors in children and hepatic transplantation. Written by leading experts from around the world, this will prove to be an indispensable source of information for both clinicians and researchers.

Microwave ablation is a simple, affordable, and highly precise technique. After its successful application in treating liver tumors, it is now widely used to combat renal tumors, adrenal tumors, thyroid nodes, uterine fibroids and other solid tumors. This book presents 40 successful cases of treating these diseases. A series of picture before treatment, after treatment and from different angles is provided for each kind of tumor treatment. In each chapter, step by step operative techniques and illustrations are included. This book also examines CT, NMR and ultrasonography to evaluate the effect of microwave ablation. Editor Ping Liang, is the Director and Professor at Dept. of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China. Editor Xiaoling Yu is Professor and Chief physician, Editor Jie Yu is Associate Chief physician at the same department.