Two Nations Under God The Reign Of Jeroboam The Fall Of Israel And The Reign Of Josiah

Preliminary Material -- Introduction -- The Sins of Jeroboam -- Jeroboam, Prophecy, and Josiah -- The Fall of Jeroboam -- Innovation as Renovation: Josiah and 'The Scroll of the Torah ' -- Josiah's Reforms: Recovering The Davidic-Solomonic Kingdom -- Cult and Kingdom: The Deuteronomistic Presentation of the Monarchy -- Bibliography -- Index of Citations -- Index of Authors.

A comprehensive treatment of the history and components of Kings represents a departure from standard single-authored commentaries on it. Focusing on composition, sources, literary techniques, peoples and characters in the text, and on later transmission and reception of it affords students of the Books with a new resource, and sound bibliography.

This book rethinks the problem of Israelite kingship by examining how the male royal body and its self-presentation figured in the governance of the dual monarchies of Israel and Judah. As such, this is a reopening of old questions and an opening to new ones.

Nathan Lovell proposes that 1 and 2 Kings might be read as a work of written history, produced with the explicit purpose of shaping the communal identity of its first readers in the Babylonian exile. By drawing on sociological approaches to the role historiography plays in the construction of political identity, Lovell argues the book of Kings is intended to reconstruct a sense of Israelite identity in the context of these losses, and that the book of Kings moves beyond providing a reason for the exile in Israel's history, and beyond even connecting its exilic audience to that history. The book recalls the past in order to demonstrate what it means to be Israel in the (exilic) present, and to encourage hope for the Israelite nation in the future. After developing a reading strategy for 1–2 Kings that treats the book as a coherent narrative, Lovell examines the construction of Israelite identity within Kings under the headings of covenant, nationhood, land, and rule. In each case he suggests that the narrative of the book creates room for a genuine but temporary expression of Israelite identity in exile: genuine to show that it remains possible for Israel to be Yahweh's people during the exile, but temporary to encourage hope for a future restoration.

An old prophet of Bethel lies to the man of God from Judah, only to lead him to disobey God’s command and to die as a result. The man of God is killed for disobedience, while the old prophet lives on and eventually even benefits from the death (2 Kgs 23:18). Why did God punish his prophet who was deceived, not the one who deceived? The text keeps silent about this as well as about the motive of the old prophet’s lying. This strange story takes up a big portion of the Jeroboam narrative (1 Kgs 11–14). For what purpose would the narrator have included the story in his coverage of Israel’s history during the reign of King Jeroboam? Does this story have any relevance to the rise and fall of the first king of the northern kingdom? If so, how? As it untangles the difficult details of the story, this book reveals the narrator’s perspective on the way God intervened in the history of Israel and focuses on the suffering that God’s prophets sometimes had to undergo as bearers of God’s words.

Linville argues that a new approach to the book of Kings is needed because of the failings of the usual historical-critical methods. He adopts a holistic approach which sees the book as a Persian-era text intended to articulate politically and religiously significant symbols within the book's monarchic history. These express the producer's reactions to important issues of Jewish identity in the continuing Diaspora and in Jerusalem. In the story of the schisms and apostacies of Israel's defunct monarchies both the Diaspora and cultural pluralism are legitimized. Rival versions of Israelite heritage are reconciled under an overarching sense of a greater Israelite history and identity.

Joseph examines the narrative techniques used in the Deuteronomistic History to portray Israels kings. While David is constructed as a model of adherence to the covenant, Jeroboam is constructed as the ideal opposite; other kings are characterized along one or the other of these two models. The narrative functions didactically, instructing kings and the people of Judah regarding the consequences of disobedience. Joseph identifies differences between pre-exilic and exilic redactions in the Deuteronomistic History, offering a deepened understanding of the worldview and theology of this important biblical work.