Un Vehicle Regulations For Road Safety Cost Benefit Methodology Russian Language

This publication introduces methodologies that are used to project the socioeconomic utility of applying key UN Vehicle Regulations for improving road safety. It presents an overview of current global road safety statistics, describes methodologies that are used for assessing the impact of vehicle regulations on national road safety performance, and provides examples for their application. It promotes an evidence-based approach for establishing and applying vehicle safety regulations throughout the world.

This publication introduces methodologies that are used to project the socioeconomic utility of applying key UN Vehicle Regulations for improving road safety. It presents an overview of current global road safety statistics, describes methodologies that are used for assessing the impact of vehicle regulations on national road safety performance, and provides examples for their application. It further promotes an evidence-based approach for establishing and applying vehicle safety regulations throughout the world.

This review examines why the Russian Federation has the highest road death rate of all ECMT member countries and what can be done about it.

The Russian Federation has the highest road death rate of all ECMT member countries and contributes one third of all road deaths in these countries. In addition to the high toll of human suffering, the socio-economic cost of crashes is officially estimated at 2.5 per cent of GDP. This report finds that the problem is predominantly urban, concentrated in Russia's largest cities, and with particularly sharp increases in deaths and serious injuries experienced in the Moscow region. Policy options are identified which aim to achieve substantial improvements in road safety through concerted, sustained and evidence-based action.

This second edition of the publication discusses the development, organisational structure and operation of the 'World Forum for the Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations' (WP. 29), formerly known as the 'Working Party on the Construction of Vehicles'. This organisation has evolved over the past 47 years from a regional forum within Europe into an international body to promote multinational agreements for the development and harmonisation of regulatory requirements regarding higher levels of vehicle safety and environmental protection, energy efficiency and anti-theft vehicle security.

Decisions twenty years ago during the fIrst generation of modern traffIc safety policymaking were easier than today. Afterall, the mandate for specifIc mandatory motor vehicle safety standards was dermed rather clearly during legislative hearings. Since the initial standards, decisions have been based on the more general guidelines of "practicality" and avoiding "unreasonable risks. " Now, with more diffIcult decisions pending, the demand for analysis is greater. My purpose in writing this book is to promote second generation policymaking in traffic safety. The dominant theme is that an "individual net benefIt approach" is useful in the design, evaluation and improvement of traffic safety policy. Hopefully, this book provides some guidance for today's tougher decisions. Evaluative review of modern traffic safety policy, especially automobile safety standards, yields several results. The technological approach, the basis for the 1966 legislation, is shown to produce mistakes. Benefits are overestimated and endangerment of nonoccupants is ignored. The risk homeostatic approach, the devil's idea to some in the safety community, is shown to be a limiting case of the more general individual net benefIt approach. Rationality and competency in travelers' safety decisions are reviewed in a broad context. Evidence beyond the realm of behavioral ix x The Regulation of Motor Vehicle and Traffic Safety psychology indicates considerable, albeit imperfect, competency in traffic safety decisions. Conventional benefit-cost analysis is critiqued. Existing studies of passive restraints are shown to overestimate net benefits because travelers' responses and costs are ignored.

"This new edition of the Blue Book reflects the developments within WP.29 since 2012 (Adoption of the Revision 3 to the 1958 Agreement, Amendment to the Terms of Reference and Rules of Procedures, proposed amendment to the 1997 Agreement, the adoption of new Resolutions and the new structure of the subsidiary bodies of WP.29). ---- The publication provides the foundation and methods of operation the World Forum. WP.29 is the only global forum for harmonizing vehicle regulations and rules on vehicle performance and on vehicle parts and equipment, vehicle safety, environmental pollution, energy efficiency, anti-theft and security. This edition coincides with and discusses the new International Whole Vehicle Type Approval (IWVTA) system, and reviews and strengthens the current provisions to improve the certification procedures and the conditions of mutual recognition. The principal intent of this document is to present the organizational structure and operational process of WP.29 and its subsidiary bodies and their relationship to specific multinational agreements under the United Nations."--Publisher's description.

This manual describes methods and resources for practitioners and decision-makers to use for enacting new laws or regulations or amending existing ones as part of a comprehensive road safety strategy. The manual covers steps to be taken to address five main risk factors and post-crash care. It can therefore be used to: * develop an understanding of the framework of legislation and relevant processes that are applicable in a country * review current national legislation and regulations and identify gaps that hinder implementation and enforcement of effective road safety measures * identify available resources, including international agreements, evidence-based guidance and recommendations on effective measures, to improve legislation * prepare action plans to strengthen national legislation and regulations for the five main risk factors and for post-crash care, including advocating for improvement. Other important topics should also be addressed to achieve a comprehensive national system of road safety legislation and regulation; however, they are beyond the scope of this manual. They include: vehicle and helmet manufacturing standards and testing, third-party insurance, victim's rights and compensation, a graduated driver licensing system, road audits and design standards and driving hours for commercial drivers.