Vietnam War Slang

In 2014, the US marks the 50th anniversary of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, the basis for the Johnson administration’s escalation of American military involvement in Southeast Asia and war against North Vietnam. Vietnam War Slang outlines the context behind the slang used by members of the United States Armed Forces during the Vietnam War. Troops facing and inflicting death display a high degree of linguistic creativity. Vietnam was the last American war fought by an army with conscripts, and their involuntary participation in the war added a dimension to the language. War has always been an incubator for slang; it is brutal, and brutality demands a vocabulary to describe what we don’t encounter in peacetime civilian life. Furthermore, such language serves to create an intense bond between comrades in the armed forces, helping them to support the heavy burdens of war. The troops in Vietnam faced the usual demands of war, as well as several that were unique to Vietnam – a murky political basis for the war, widespread corruption in the ruling government, untraditional guerilla warfare, an unpredictable civilian population in Vietnam, and a growing lack of popular support for the war back in the US. For all these reasons, the language of those who fought in Vietnam was a vivid reflection of life in wartime. Vietnam War Slang lays out the definitive record of the lexicon of Americans who fought in the Vietnam War. Assuming no prior knowledge, it presents around 2000 headwords, with each entry divided into sections giving parts of speech, definitions, glosses, the countries of origin, dates of earliest known citations, and citations. It will be an essential resource for Vietnam veterans and their families, students and readers of history, and anyone interested in the principles underpinning the development of slang.

Cu Chi, (body bag), Shit-hook (Chinook helicopter), dink (Vietnamese slang for a G.I.), slope (G.I. slang for a Vietnamese), hose (kill), boom-boom (what's done in a tapioca mill, or whorehouse), Mike-Juliet (marijuana), pogey bait, DO-28, C-2A, L Zed (Aussie for landing zone), rat-turds (oak leaf clusters), thousand yard stare, Samozaryadnyi karabin (Soviet rifle), guerre a outrance (French war to the end--the viewpoint of the North): these and the 10,000 others in this dictionary are the words of the Vietnam era. They were spoken by ground pounders in the boonies and by peaceniks on U.S. campuses, by hawks, doves, Victor Charlies and hoi chanhs, Chinese advisors and the Muong people of the Central Highlands. The period covered is primarily 1963-1975, but there are terms included from as early as 1945 and as late as 1987.

From the homegrown "boodle" of the 19th century to current "misunderstandistan" in the Middle East, America's foremost expert on slang reveals military lingo at its most colorful, innovative, brutal, and ironic. Author Paul Dickson introduces some of the "new words and phrases born of conflict, boredom, good humor, bad food, new technology, and the pure horror of war." This newly updated reference extends to the post-9/11 world and the American military presence in Iraq and Afghanistan. Recommended by William Safire in his "On Language" column of The New York Times, it features dictionary-style entries, arranged chronologically by conflict, with helpful introductions to each section and an index for convenient reference. "Paul Dickson is a national treasure who deserves a wide audience," declared Library Journal. The author of more than 50 books, Dickson has written extensively on language. This expanded edition of War Slang features new material by journalist Ben Lando, Iraq Bureau Chief for Iraq Oil Report and a regular contributor to The Wall Street Journal and Time. It serves language lovers and military historians alike by adding an eloquent new dimension to our understanding of war.

A look at how combat, culture, and military tradition influenced soldiers’ language in Vietnam from the award-winning, USA Today–bestselling author. The slang, or unique vocabulary, of the soldiers and marines serving in Vietnam, was a mishmash of words and phrases whose origins reached back to the Korean War, World War II, and even earlier. Additionally, it was influenced by the United States’ rapidly changing protest culture, ideological and poetical doctrine, ethical and cultural conflicts, racialism, and drug culture. This “slanguage” was rendered even more complex by the Pidgin Vietnamese-English spoken by Americans and Vietnamese alike. But perhaps most importantly, it reflected the soldiers’ actual daily lives, played out in the jungles, swamps, and hills of Vietnam.

VIETNAM - THE WAR ZONE DICTIONARY IN THEIR OWN WORDS is the first reference to combine the official terms formally adopted by the United States Department of Defense and its allies in NATO, SEATO, CENTO, and IADB with the unofficial slang, abbreviations, radio codes, pro-codes, hospital jargon, weapon abbreviations, acronyms, euphemisms, and commonly used foreign words and phrases used by the men and women who were there. With over 9,800 entries, this is the only source-defined reference to the linguistic complexity of the Vietnam War. Suited for the historian, linguist, genealogist and armchair reader, it is both a reference and a time capsule of that era. It is an uncensored, unauthorized, and vibrant collection reflecting the complexity of official terms, the primal urgency of the unofficial language, and the adaptations of the English language to new technology, military, and social challenges. Collected and curated by Sharon O. Lightholder, attorney and author, each slang entry was subjected to a verification process by someone from the war zone before inclusion. Each official entry was secured from unclassified documents. Decades in the making, it will serve the test of time and speak clearly from the past into the future. This reference is an important addition to any academic library and history department as well as serving the needs of the general reader interested in the Vietnam War. It offers a new and meaningful contribution to the scholarship of the Vietnam era.

From the 19th century's "boodle" to the "deep serious" of Vietnam and beyond, America's foremost expert on slang reveals military lingo at its most colorful, innovative, brutal, and ironic. Recommended by The New York Times' language maven William Safire, this up-to-date reference features convenient dictionary-style entries arranged chronologically by conflict.

If there ever was a time worthy of its own vernacular, it is the Vietnam Era. A generation split by peace and war spawned a library of lingo, slang, and fresh new words like no era before it.The warriors found that the torch had been passed to them by an assassinated president. It motivated them to bear any burden and to pay any price. The best of this generation did ask what they could do for their country. Nine million served in uniform; 2.8 million served in Vietnam. Over 58,000 gave all they had for the home they loved. Over 300,000 spilled their blood in Southeast Asia. No one came home unscathed. Everyone paid a price.They bore the burden of their generation. And they created a second language to augment what they brought with them.In this book, you will find over 2,500 terms, acronyms, jargon, slang expressions, and various lingo transported to you by Vietnam servicemen who showed remarkable insight into their own generational place in history. These are the words with which they communicated, especially at the enlisted level. They took the brunt of all the horror the war had to give.It is imperative for any serious historian, future descendant, or any interested person to grasp the speech variants of the day and thus put them into proper context for complete understanding. Heed the words of Francis George Steiner who declared, "When a language dies, a way of understanding the world dies with it, a way of looking at the world." You are likely to find the meaning here. Within these entries comes common lingo, from 1960's slang to the obscure vernacular that was so important in the daily struggles of Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, and Marines in Vietnam. Included too, are military acronyms, terms, and some downright humorous gems of expressions. Many of the terms and idioms herein have found their way into today's linguistic norms. Open this book and enter their world.

In 1970, John Kowalski is one of many young, naive teenage soldiers sent to Vietnam to fight in an unpopular war. Dubbed “Cherries” by their more seasoned peers, these newbies suddenly found themselves thrust into the middle of a terrible nightmare - literally forced to become men overnight. On-the-job-training is intense, however, most of these teenagers were hardly ready to absorb the harsh mental, emotional, and physical stress of war. When coming under enemy fire for the first time and witnessing death first-hand, a life changing transition begins...one that can't be reversed. The author is an excellent story teller, readers testify that they are right there with the characters, joining them in their quest for survival, sharing the fear, awe, drama, and sorrow, witnessing bravery and sometimes, even laughing at their humor. It's a story that is hard to put down. When soldiers return home from war, all are different - changed for life. "Cherries" tells it like it is and when finished, readers will better understand what these young men had to endure, and why change is imminent.