Visualization Of Nucleic Acids

This book presents a review of the principle approaches for visualizing DNA and RNA. Using scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopes, the three-dimensional image of the surface of nucleic acids can be seen at atomic-scale resolutions. Spreading methods provide useful details on structural features of isolated molecules, but the major constituent of living matter is water, and the cryomicroscope makes it possible to look at DNA in its aqueous environment. Genes can be detected simultaneously in situ in chromosomes using fluorescent probes, and also at the electron microscopic level. In cells, nucleic acids are localized and quantified by dyes; electron microscopy is used with cytochemical, immunocytological, nuclease, and in situ hybridization methods. The main potential applications for pathological studies are shown with particular aspects such as viral nucleic acids and in situ PCR.

Visualization of nucleic acids has become indispensable to studying cells, tissues, and organisms. Certain techniques even permit quantification of DNA and/or RNA distribution in tissues, but few current analytical books cover the numerous methods for DNA and RNA visualization. This book provides insight into several classic techniques, histological as well as histochemical, that can be used to appreciate the nucleic acid status of the cell as well as to provide an overview of RNA and DNA distribution in cells and tissues. Genome Visualization by Classic Methods in Light Microscopy begins with an introduction to DNA and RNA, followed by general visualization principles. The subsequent chapters describe: how to prepare tissues for staining; the principles, chemical formulas, and procedures for nuclear dye, fluorescent dye, and histochemical methods; directions to observe the products of the stained reactions; and more. Each protocol is presented as easy-to-follow directions and the author includes cautionary notes and points to consider. The final section provides color photographs of various tissues in which the staining method, fixative, and observations are noted. A theoretical and practical book, Genome Visualization by Classic Methods in Light Microscopy allows you to understand which technique is most useful for your particular problem. Laboratory protocols are provided for you to follow, chemical structures and principles are provided for you to understand the technique, and the book is organized so you can find the necessary information when needed. This is the essential guide to understanding and executing visualization techniques for nucleic acids.

Visualization of nucleic acids has become indispensable to studying cells, tissues, and organisms. Certain techniques even permit quantification of DNA and/or RNA distribution in tissues, but few current analytical books cover the numerous methods for DNA and RNA visualization. This book provides insight into several classic techniques, histologica

Visualization of nuclear components has added tremendously to our understanding of the nucleus and its chemistry. The fluorescence approach is considered the present-day standard for comprehending nuclear organization. Imaging of Nucleic Acids and Quantitation in Photonic Microscopy provides new technologies in fluorescence microscopy and image cyt

This unique and practical resource provides the most complete and concise summary of underlying principles and approaches to studying nucleic acid structure, including discussion of x-ray crystallography, NMR, molecular modelling, and databases. Its focus is on a survey of structures especially important for biomedical research and pharmacological applications. To aid novices, Principles of Nucleic Acid Structure includes an introduction to technical lingo used to describe nucleic acid structure and conformations (roll, slide, twist, buckle, etc.). This completely updated edition features expanded coverage of the latest advances relevant to recognition of DNA and RNA by small molecules and proteins. In particular, the reader will find extensive new discussions on: RNA folding, ribosome structure and antibiotic interactions, DNA quadruplexes, DNA and RNA protein complexes, and short interfering RNA (siRNA). This handy guide ends with a complete list of resources, including relevant online databases and software. Completely updated with expanded discussion of topics such as RNA folding, ribosome structure and antibiotic interactions, DNA quadruplexes, DNA and RNA protein complexes, and short interfering RNA (siRNA) Includes a complete list of resources, including relevant online databases and software Defines technical lingo for novices

Through its clear presentation of the basic concepts, Gel Electrophoresis: Nucleic Acids breaks new ground by describing the principles of the technique without resorting to complicated protocols and recipes.

Complete, up-to-date coverage of the broad area of nucleic acid chemistry and biology Assembling contributions from a collection of authors with expertise in all areas of nucleic acids, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutic applications, Medicinal Chemistry of Nucleic Acids presents a thorough overview of nucleic acid chemistry—a rapidly evolving and highly challenging discipline directly responsible for the development of antiviral and antitumor drugs. This reliable resource delves into a multitude of subject areas involving the study of nucleic acids—such as the new advances in genome sequencing, and the processes for creating RNA interference (RNAi) based drugs—to assist pharmaceutical researchers in removing roadblocks that hinder their ability to predict drug efficacy. Offering the latest cutting-edge science in this growing field, Medicinal Chemistry of Nucleic Acids includes: In-depth coverage of the development and application of modified nucleosides and nucleotides in medicinal chemistry A close look at a large range of current topics on nucleic acid chemistry and biology Essential information on the use of nucleic acid drugs to treat diseases like cancer A thorough exploration of siRNA for RNAi and the regulation of microRNA, non-coding RNA (ncRNA), a newly developing and exciting research area Thorough in its approach and promising in its message, Medicinal Chemistry of Nucleic Acids probes the new domains of pharmaceutical research—and exposes readers to a wealth of new drug discovery opportunities emerging in the dynamic field of nucleic acid chemistry.

Histochemistry and cytochemistry are important fields for studying the inner workings of cells and tissues of the body. While visualization techniques have been in use for many years, new methods of detection developed recently help researchers and practitioners better understand cell activity. Histochemical and Cytochemical Methods of Visualization describes the essential techniques that can be used for histochemical investigations in both light and transmission electron microscopy. The book begins by discussing techniques in light microscopy. It reviews classical methods of visualization, histochemical and histoenzymatic methods, and methods used to visualize cell proliferation and apoptosis. Next, the book examines the cytochemical methods used in electron microscopy with traditional techniques, as well as more specialized methods. The final section provides an overview of image analysis and describes how image processing methods can be used to extract vital information. A 16-page insert supplies color illustrations to enhance the text. Techniques will continue to adapt to the latest technological innovations, allowing more and more precise quantification of images. These developments are essential to the biological as well as the medical sciences. This manual is a critical resource for novice and experienced researchers, technicians, and students who need to visualize what happens in the cell, the molecules expressed, the main enzymatic activities, and the repercussions of the molecular activities upon the structure of the cells in the body.