Where Sight Meets Sound

The main function of western musical notation is incidental: it prescribes and records sound. But during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, notation began to take on an aesthetic life all its own. In the early fifteenth century, a musician might be asked to sing a line slower, faster, or starting on a different pitch than what is written. By the end of the century composers had begun tasking singers with solving elaborate puzzles to produce sounds whose relationship to the written notes is anything but obvious. These instructions, which appear by turns unnecessary and confounding, challenge traditional conceptions of music writing that understand notation as an incidental consequence of the desire to record sound. This book explores innovations in late-medieval music writing as well as how modern scholarship on notation has informedsometimes erroneouslyideas about the premodern era. Drawing on both musical and music-theoretical evidence, this book reframes our understanding of late-medieval musical notation as a system that was innovative, cutting-edge, and dynamicone that could be used to generate music, not just preserve it.

Late-medieval composers delighted in complicating the relationship between their music's written and sung forms, often tasking singers with reading their music in unusual ways-from slowing down a melodic line, to turning it backwards or upside down, even omitting certain notes or rests. These manipulations increasingly yielded music that was aurally all but unrecognizable as a derivative of the notated original. This book uses these unorthodox applications of notation to understand how late-medieval composers thought about the tool of musical notation. It argues that these compositions foregro.