Zeolites In Industrial Separation And Catalysis

This first book to offer a practical overview of zeolites and their commercial applications provides a practical examination of zeolites in three capacities. Edited by a globally recognized and acclaimed leader in the field with contributions from major industry experts, this handbook and ready reference introduces such novel separators as zeolite membranes and mixed matrix membranes. The first part of the book discusses the history and chemistry of zeolites, while the second section focuses on separation processes. The third and final section treats zeolites in the field of catalysis. The three sections are unified by an examination of how the unique properties of zeolites allow them to function in different capacities as an adsorbent, a membrane and as a catalyst, while also discussing their impact within the industry.

Presented in an easy-to-read form, this book on zeolite catalysis cover all aspects of the subject. It focuses on synthesis, structure, diffusion, deactivation, and industrial applications. This book is an ideal text for courses on catalysis or as a supplementary text for those studying applied or industrial chemistry. It is also a useful resource for anyone who works with zeolites as catalysts in the laboratory, pilot plants, or commercial installations.

Zeolites and zeolite-like microporous materials have been playing an ever-increasing role in heterogeneous catalysis for more than three decades. An impressive number of large-scale industrial processes in petroleum refining, petrochemistry and the manufacture of organic chemicals are nowadays carried out using zeolite catalysts, and the future of zeolites in industrial catalysis continues to be bright. Authored by an international team of renowned scientists, the seven chapters of this book present a comprehensive overview of the application of zeolites in industrial catalysis, while also providing a true scientific understanding of how zeolites are synthesized, modified and characterized, and putting special emphasis on shape-selective catalysis, which is a unique feature of zeolites.

This book, written and edited by leading authorities from academia and industrial groups, covers both preventive- and curative-zeolite-based technologies in the field of chemical processing. The opening chapter presents the state of the art in zeolite science. The two subsequent chapters summarize the chemistries involved in the processes and the constraints imposed on the catalyst/adsorbent. Three major areas are covered: oil refining, petrochemicals and fine chemicals. A chapter on the (curative) use of zeolites in pollution abatement completes this overview. In the area of oil refining, a general lecture sets the scene for present and future challenges. It is followed by in-depth case studies involving FCC, hydrocracking and light naphtha isomerization. Also, an entire chapter is devoted to the often-overlooked subject of base oils. In the area of petrochemicals, the processing of aromatics and olefins is described and special attention is paid to the synergy between catalysis and separation on molecular sieves. Contents:Introduction to Zeolite Science and Technology (M Guisnet & J-P Gilson)The Chemistry of Catalytic Processes (A Corma & A Martínez)Preparation of Zeolite Catalysts (T G Roberie et al.)Refining Processes: Setting the Scene (R H Jensen)Advances in Fluid Catalytic Cracking (E T Habib et al.)Hydrocracking (J A R Van Veen)C4-C6 Alkane Isomerisation (F Schmidt & E Köhler)Base Oil Production and Processing (M Daage)Para-Xylene ManufacturingCatalytic Reactions and Processes (F Alario & M Guisnet)Separation of Paraxylene by Adsorption (A Méthivier)Aromatic Alkylation: Towards Cleaner Processes (J S Beck et al.)Methanol to Olefins (MTO) and Beyond (P Barger)Zeolite Effects on Catalytic Transformations of Fine Chemicals (D E De Vos & P A Jacobs)Functionalization of Aromatics over Zeolite Catalysts (P Marion et al.)Zeolites and ‘Non-Zeolite’ Molecular Sieves in the Synthesis of Fragrances and Flavors (W F Hoelderich & M C Laufer)Pollution Abatment Using Zeolites: State of the Art and Further Needs (G Delahay & B Coq) Readership: Undergraduates, graduate students, academics and researchers in catalyst chemistry. Reviews:“Chapter authors have provided a teaching text that gives excellent introductory chapters to zeolites, and to the nature and significance of the processes that they can catalyse … This excellent book should be required reading for all scientists who have an interest in improving the environment.”Chemistry & Industry

Foreword During the recent years a large number of fascinating books appeared covering the ever growing area of zeolites, zeotypes and mesoporous molecular sieves even including the emerging field of metal organic frameworks. In contrast, we decided to prepare this book focused exclusively on zeolites and zeotypes, defined as crystalline microporous materials, to show that they are still one of the most important groups of inorganic materials serving as very well defined model structures for detail kinetic and spectroscopic studies up to industrially applied catalysts for cracking, refineries, petrochemistry, synthesis of fine chemicals, and in environmental catalysis. Based on that we believe that this book on zeolites will be useful not only for students and newcomers to this field but also to all experienced researchers as a useful reference book. Preparing this book we tried to follow up the pathway starting from synthesis of zeolites and understanding of new advances in this area up to their applications in adsorption and zeolites. Authors both from academic institutions very active in this area as well as leading experts from industry were invited to prepare their contributions. While in the Introduction the editors tried to briefly outline some basic summary of the last 250 years since the description of the first natural zeolite by Swedish mineralogist Cronsted, W.J. Roth focused on the discussion of recently synthesized zeolites and zeotypes and the exploitation of the structure directing concepts for the successful synthesis of these novel structural types of zeolites. This is continued by R. Lobo, who made a great effort to evaluate the most important factors controlling the synthesis of zeolites from the point of view of the mechanism of zeolite synthesis. Many organic cations play important role in the synthesis of zeolites and J. Perez-Pariente focused his attention on their role as structure- directing agents, without which the synthesis would not proceed. In recent years synthesis of nanozeolites with particle sizes in tens of nanometers step forward. This topic is nicely covered by S. Mintova and V. Valtchev showing important factors for their synthesis together with discussing possibilities of their investigation. This is followed by the chapter of S.E. Park centered on the application of microwave irradiation to shorten the synthesis time of zeolites and to control selectivity and morphology during the synthesis. Zeolite membranes for separations and catalysis present another important area of zeolite endeavor. J. Santamaria and coworkers nicely described recent achievements in this area. Final chapter devoted to the synthesis of zeolites was written by industrial experts led by Lam. The authors focused on the critical issues of scaling up of the zeolite synthesis, which provides more detailed ideas of the critical aspects of this effort. Acidity is one of the most important features of zeolites playing the crucial role in acid-catalyzed reactions. B. Gil presented various approaches to characterization of the acidity of zeolites and discussed advantages and disadvantages of individual relevant methods. From the practical point of view main part of the book is devoted to catalysis. Chapter by R. Staudt and M. Thommes preceded these chapters describing a broad application potential of zeolites for adsorption applications. As for the catalysis, A. Martinez focused on application of zeolites in petrochemical reactions and M. Bejblová and J. Cejka highlighted many examples of catalytic potential of zeolites in fine chemical synthesis. For the first time a topic of zeolite catalysis for renewables was covered by H. van Bekkum while Z. Sobalik discussed the application of zeolites in environmental catalysis with special emphasis on deNOx processes. Industrial applications of zeolites were summarized by C. Perego and A. Carati showing many examples of the importance of zeolites in this field. Finally, C. Christensen and his group presented an emerging field of controlled synthesis of mesoporous zeolites and their catalytic potential. It was our great pleasure to work with many friends and top researchers on the preparation of this book. We would like to sincerely thank all of them for their timely reviews on selected topics and particular effort to put the book together. Last but not least we appreciate the kind invitation from the Transworld Research Network publishing house to edit this book.

Intensive research on zeolites, during the past thirty years, has resulted in a deep understanding of their chemistry and in a true zeolite science, including synthesis, structure, chemical and physical properties, and catalysis. These studies are the basis for the development and growth of several industrial processes applying zeolites for selective sorption, separation, and catalysis. In 1983, a NATO Advanced Study Institute was organized in Alcabideche (portugal) to establish the State-of-the-Art in Zeolite Science and Technology and to contribute to a better understanding of the structural properties of zeolites, the configurational constraints they may exert, and their effects in adsorption, diffusion, and catalysis. Since then, zeolite science has witnessed an almost exponential growth in published papers and patents, dealing with both fundamentals issues and original applications. The proposal of new procedures for zeolite synthesis, the development of novel and sophisticated physical techniques for zeolite characterization, the discovery of new zeolitic and related microporous materials, progresses in quantum chemistry and molecular modeling of zeolites, and the application of zeolites as catalysts for organic reactions have prompted increasing interest among the scientific community. An important and harmonious interaction between various domains of Physics, Chemistry, and Engineering resulted therefrom.

This volume compiles and discusses the fundamental and multidisciplinary knowledge on adsorption and separation processes using zeolites as adsorbents. Over the last decade, a large amount of research has been carried out for the development of zeolites as adsorbents. However, there is still a growing interest to increase the understanding of such selective adsorbents. Therefore, synthesis strategies and new approaches for developing new selective zeolite adsorbents for gas separation are presented in the first chapter. In addition, a chapter focused on adsorption characterization techniques of microporous materials is included. This will be helpful for advanced readers, since the new IUPAC recommendations for microporous characterization are not still widely employed by the zeolite community. Experimental and theoretical aspects of economically and environmentally relevant separations, which have been successfully carried out with zeolites, are discussed in detail in subsequent chapters. Finally, industrial zeolite based adsorption and separation processes as well as current perspectives for new zeolite based separations, and improvements of current technologies are presented.

Natural resources, such as zeolite minerals, have an inexhaustible potential for scientific research and application. Both natural and synthetic zeolites have application in many researched areas including water and soil industries, biochemistry, and medicine due to their environmental and economic acceptability, unique structure, and specific characteristics. Over three sections, this book presents a comprehensive overview of zeolites and their potential applications in science. Chapters cover such topics as the history of zeolites, their structure and properties, layered zeolites, and use of zeolites for gas storage and separation as well as in veterinary medicine.