Ambiguous Alternative

Tourism over the past three decades has grown phenomenally but is continually modified by ongoing events and forces—such as increasing or abating pollution and congestion issues, new forms of transportation, and altered economic, social, or political conditions. The contributions in this work are of great importance to the advancement of knowledge of tourism, and, as a first theoretical book in the area, it establishes a significant benchmark for subsequent tourism research. The volume includes contributions by tourism specialists from Australia, France, Canada, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States: Richard Butler, Professor of Geography, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Graham Dann, Senior Lecturer in Sociology, University of West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados; Emanuel de Kadt, Director, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, United Kingdom; Bryan Farrell, Professor of Geography, University of California, Santa Cruz; Nelson H. Graburn, Professor of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley; Martinus J. Kosters, Director of the Netherlands Institute for Tourism and Transport, Breda; Marie-Françoise Lanfant, Director of Research, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris; Dennison Nash, Professor of Anthropology, University of Connecticut; Douglas G. Pearce, Professor of Geography, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; John Pigram, Associate Professor of Geography and Planning and Executive Director, Center for Water Policy Research, University of New England, Armidale NSW, Australia; and Geoffrey Wall, Professor of Geography, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Tourism Alternatives is a provocative and important book that will be of interest to tourism planners at all levels of government and private enterprise, and to scholars and students in the fields of tourism and resort development.

This comprehensive study of the psychology of language explores how we speak, read, remember, learn and understand language. The author examines each of these aspects in detail.

In the Western imagination, Islamic cultures are dominated by dogmatic religious norms that permit no nuance. Those fighting such stereotypes have countered with a portrait of Islam’s medieval “Golden Age,” marked by rationality, tolerance, and even proto-secularism. How can we understand Islamic history, culture, and thought beyond this dichotomy? In this magisterial cultural and intellectual history, Thomas Bauer reconsiders classical and modern Islam by tracing differing attitudes toward ambiguity. Over a span of many centuries, he explores the tension between one strand that aspires to annihilate all uncertainties and establish absolute, uncontestable truths and another, competing tendency that looks for ways to live with ambiguity and accept complexity. Bauer ranges across cultural and linguistic ambiguities, considering premodern Islamic textual and cultural forms from law to Quranic exegesis to literary genres alongside attitudes toward religious minorities and foreigners. He emphasizes the relative absence of conflict between religious and secular discourses in classical Islamic culture, which stands in striking contrast to both present-day fundamentalism and much of European history. Bauer shows how Islam’s encounter with the modern West and its demand for certainty helped bring about both Islamicist and secular liberal ideologies that in their own ways rejected ambiguity—and therefore also their own cultural traditions. Awarded the prestigious Leibniz Prize, A Culture of Ambiguity not only reframes a vast range of Islamic history but also offers an interdisciplinary model for investigating the tolerance of ambiguity across cultures and eras.

Der FERRETTI bietet mehr als eine Übersetzungshilfe für deutsche und englische Fachbegriffe. 92.000 Stichwörter mit Kurzdefinitionen und Synonymen machen diese aktuelle Teilausgabe des erfolgreichen "Wörterbuch der Elektronik, Datentechnik und Telekommunikation" zum einzigartig umfassenden Nachschlagewerk der gesamten Informatik. Die 44.000 deutschen und 48.000 englischen Einträge decken zusätzlich die Hauptbegriffe der angrenzenden Fachgebiete und des allgemeinen Sprachgebrauchs ab. Zu insgesamt 94 Fachgebieten lassen sich alle datentechnischen Fragen schnell und kompetent lösen - ein schier unerschöpflicher Fundus für jeden, der hier nachschlägt.

This informative volume presents the first comprehensive review of research and theory on dual-process models of social information processing. These models distinguish between qualitatively different modes of information processing in making decisions and solving problems (e.g., associative versus rule-based, controlled versus uncontrolled, and affective versus cognitive modes). Leading contributors review the basic assumptions of these approaches and review the ways they have been applied and tested in such areas as attitudes, stereotyping, person perception, memory, and judgment. Also examined are the relationships between different sets of processing modes, the factors that determine their utilization, and how they work in combination to affect responses to social information.

There are two dominant approaches to political decision making in general and foreign policy decision making in particular: rational choice and cognitive psychology. The essays here introduce and test the poliheuristic theory of decision making that integrates elements of both schools. The poliheuristic theory is able to account for the outcome and the process of decisions, and integrates across levels of analysis (individual, dyad, and group). The collection focuses on both elements of the theory itself and also looks at how the theory can be used to better understand political decisions that were made in the past.