Tourism Alternatives

Tourism over the past three decades has grown phenomenally but is continually modified by ongoing events and forces—such as increasing or abating pollution and congestion issues, new forms of transportation, and altered economic, social, or political conditions. The contributions in this work are of great importance to the advancement of knowledge of tourism, and, as a first theoretical book in the area, it establishes a significant benchmark for subsequent tourism research. The volume includes contributions by tourism specialists from Australia, France, Canada, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States: Richard Butler, Professor of Geography, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Graham Dann, Senior Lecturer in Sociology, University of West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados; Emanuel de Kadt, Director, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, United Kingdom; Bryan Farrell, Professor of Geography, University of California, Santa Cruz; Nelson H. Graburn, Professor of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley; Martinus J. Kosters, Director of the Netherlands Institute for Tourism and Transport, Breda; Marie-Françoise Lanfant, Director of Research, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris; Dennison Nash, Professor of Anthropology, University of Connecticut; Douglas G. Pearce, Professor of Geography, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; John Pigram, Associate Professor of Geography and Planning and Executive Director, Center for Water Policy Research, University of New England, Armidale NSW, Australia; and Geoffrey Wall, Professor of Geography, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Tourism Alternatives is a provocative and important book that will be of interest to tourism planners at all levels of government and private enterprise, and to scholars and students in the fields of tourism and resort development.

This collection of key articles from the most influential journals and books in the field examines what social scientists mean by the term tourism, and what it means to be a tourist. Carefully selected and introduced by the editor, this material charts the sociological changes that have occurred in tourism, and the change from the upper-class grand tours of the late nineteenth-century to the mass tourism of the present day. The collection also assesses the economic impacts of tourism on local economies, environmental considerations, and whether the growth of tourism is sustainable in a post-September 11th world. "Tourism: Critical Concepts in the Social Sciences" is an accessible and comprehensive resource designed for academics and scholars researching in tourism, globalization, and human geography.

This book takes inventory of and evaluates the available resources for the development of alternative tourism in Turkey. It examines the role of alternative tourism in future tourism development plans and proposes public policies necessary to assure sustainability. Although tourism started later in Turkey than in the Western Mediterranean countries it has grown very rapidly during the last three decades and today the country ranks among the top ten countries in the world in terms of both arrivals and receipts. However, most of the tourism development has been in the mass tourism sector or the so-called sun-sea-sand tourism. While crucial for the economic development of Turkey, mass tourism, in the absence of proper planning, has happened in a haphazard manner leading to numerous environmental and socio-cultural problems. This book argues that, in order to mitigate these problems, Turkey should encourage the development of alternative forms of tourism.

Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: When thinking about the island of Gran Canaria hardly anyone has the image of endless green and yellow flushing mountains, little traditional colourful villages, undiscovered wine-cellars and hidden cultural treasures in mind. But this may change in the future, as Gran Canaria is on its way to a new tourism development, in search for alternative tourism. In recent years, there has been a rapid rise in interest for alternative forms of tourism, which are frequently presented as alternatives to traditional mass tourism. Factors responsible for the enhanced awareness include a greater awareness of the environmental impacts of tourism, a growing demand from tourists for new experiences and economic development policies. Today leisure and tourism are more than just elements in social life, but also indicate the individual's position in society. People are looking for sporting challenges like biking, climbing or rafting, or want to collect experience of life inside foreign cultures. On Gran Canaria alternative tourism expresses the alternative to the island s mass tourism. Nearly three million visitors have arrived annually on the island, but within the last years these numbers are decreasing constantly. An action out of this development was the implementation of a diversification policy, while focusing on other tourism resources Gran Canaria can present. The island offers much more than only sandy-white beaches and crystal clear water all year long. These new tourism products focus on the natural resources of the island in its interior, where the original life of indigenous people still can be witnessed. Products like rural tourism, activity tourism or golf tourism are becoming here more and more importance. Until now, only La Gomera and El Hierro are known for their alternative vacation offers within the Canary Islands. But this may change, as the island opens its doors for a new type of traveller trough a very diverse tourist offer than the island was known for since years. There have been many ups and downs in the tourism development of the island in the last years, but it seems like if the island learned from its mistakes in the past and found a different way for its future tourist development. A new age of tourism is about to come for Gran Canaria. The objective of this paper is to introduce the reader to the term alternative tourism by portraying the particularities of this kind of tourism and show off the [...]

Tour guides, a highly responsible group of professionals who are in direct communication with tourists traveling around the world, have a great impact on the proper promotion of the culture of countries, global peace, and tolerance. Additionally, they are also effective in the preservation of world natural heritage. Thus, the educational status of tour guides, as well as the characteristics and ethical values that they should possess, need to be examined on an international scale. In today’s world, where tourism demand is directed towards all types of tourism, practices in special interest tourism should be customized in order to ensure the highest level of service quality and cultural appreciation. Cases on Tour Guide Practices for Alternative Tourism provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of the occupational issues that surround tour guides and their applications within international tourism. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as cultural education, specialized learning, and international business, this book is ideally designed for tour guides, travel agencies, tour managers, tour developers, heritage sites, museums, academicians, researchers, students, industry experts, and hospitality professionals.

Papers presented at the Commonwealth Geographical Workshop on Impact of Tourism on Small Developing Countries, University of South Pacific, 1982.

This book invokes the radical potentialities of 'untidiness' to envision alternative arrangements of social life and hospitality. Instead of trying to manage sustainability or tidy up tourist situations, the authors embrace the messiness of human relations and argue for more creative, embodied and ethical ontologies of tourism and mobility.