Astrocytes Development Morphology And Regional Specialization Of Astrocytes

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Astrocytes: Development, Morphology, and Regional Specialization of Astrocytes, Volume 1 provides an overview of the development and diversity of astrocytes in the whole central nervous system and serves as a guide to the members of the astrocyte family. This volume discusses the phylogenetic and ontogenetic development, the origin, differentiation, and topographical distribution of astrocytes. The text deals mainly with astrocytes in the brains of birds and mammals because of the maximum diversity and specialization of glial cells found in these vertebrates. The book will be of great use to cellular biologists, developmental neurobiologists, pediatric neurologists, neurochemists, neurologists, and neuropathologists.

Astrocytes: Biochemistry, Physiology, and Pharmacology of Astrocytes, Volume 2 focuses on the physiological and pharmacological aspects of astrocytes. This volume gives specific attention to intracellular metabolic activity; membrane components and functions; responses to neurotransmitters and other intrinsic factors; and neuronal-glial interactions. Studies in this text establishe the astrocyte as an essential neuronal partner in the neuronal-glial interrelationship throughout the life-span of the neuron and also further explain the potential roles of astrocytes in brain function. Cell physiologists, neurophysiologists, neuropharmacologists, pediatric neurologists, and gerontologists will find the book interesting.

Knowledge has been described as being like an expanding sphere with the volume of knowledge contacting a surface on the unknown. This new comprehensive review of the many fields of basic and clinical research that impact our understanding of multiple sclerosis has its basis in this premise. In doing research on MS, it is not enough to know clinical neurology or neurochemistry or neuroanatomy or pathology; it is important to understand the many other areas that relate to them. This volume provides an overview of MS-related research and will benefit many investigators in the field and help to advance our efforts to cure this, thus far intractable, disease. It is now more than 160 years since the first clinical-pathological descriptions of cases of multiple sclerosis and more than 130 years since the classic clinical description and development of diagnostic criteria by Charcot, yet MS remains an enigma. After decades of intense effort to find the cause, no cause has been clearly identified and the disease remains poorly understood. Despite the introduction of immunomodulatory therapies and immunosuppressive regimens, MS remains a devastating disease. While a great deal of progress has been made, much remains to be done. Our understanding of the disease remains limited, treatments remain inadequate, and comprehensive management all too rare. This volume is an overview of the basic sciences as they relate to MS and will provide clinicians and investigators a better understanding of the basic aspects of the disease. While it is possible to find excellent reviews of almost any aspect of MS, few attempts have been made to bring these very different aspects together in a single source. This volume is a companion to Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnosis, Medical Management, and Rehabilitation, edited by Drs. Jack S. Burks and Kenneth P. Johnson. Together, they represent an attempt to comprehensively cover the field of MS from basic research to comprehensive management and to provide a broad overview for those interested in understanding the disease better or in pursuing MS research.

Leading international authorities report on their in vivo studies of neuron glia interactions in animals with simple nervous systems (insects, fish, amphibians, and reptiles). Their work amounts to an in-depth account of many of the principal functions of glial cells: myelination, regulation of ionic environment, neurotransmitter compartmentation and neurotransmitter receptors, blood brain barrier, regeneration, and aging. Part I examines the origin and role of glial cells during development across the phylogenetic spectrum, including the evolution of their particular functions. Part II discusses the physiological and metabolic interactions between neurons and glia, again across phylogenetic groups. Neuron Glia Interrelations During Phylogeny illuminates the evolution of the nervous system and expands our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in regeneration and central nervous system repair. It constitutes a virtual encyclopedia of up-to-date findings concerning the significant roles played by glial cells in neuronal development and function.

Graduate students in neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, neurophysiology, and molecular neurobiology will find the book indispensable. It is also a vital companion for researchers in these fields as well as clinicians in neurology, neurosurgery, neuropathology, neuro-oncology, physiatry, and psychiatry."--BOOK JACKET.

Thyroid hormone, Volume 106, the latest release in the Vitamins and Hormones series first published in 1943 provides up-to-date information on crystal structures and basic structural studies on neurotrophins and their receptors, neurotrophin functions and the biological actions of neurotrophins related to clinical conditions and disease. This new release focuses on timely topics, including the Nuclear Import and Export of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor, the Thyroid hormone and the white matter of the central nervous system: from development to repair, Thyroid hormone and astrocyte differentiation, and the Molecular Basis of Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormone, amongst other topics. Presents the latest information on thyroid hormone Provides a long-running series that focuses on updates and advances in vitamins and hormones Covers single molecules or diseases that are related to vitamins or hormones, with the topic broadly interpreted to include related substances

This volume is made up of papers presented at the Second International Altschul Symposium: Biology and Pathology of Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions. The symposium was held in Saskatoon, Canada at the University of Saskatchewn in May, 1992 in memory of Rudolf Altschul, a graduate of the University of Prague and a pioneer in the fields of the biology of the vascular and nervous systems. Dr. Altschul was Professor and Head of the Department of Anatomy at the University of Saskatchewan from 1955 to 1963. The Altschul Symposia were made possible by an endowment left by Anni Altschul and by other contributions. The symposia are held biennially. One of the greatest challenges for present day scientists is to uncover the mechanisms of brain function. Although cellular anatomy of the nervous system has already been well outlined and indeed was delineated by the beginning of the century, experimental analysis of the function of the brain is relatively recent. The framework of the brain is made up of stellate cells, the astrocytes, which are interconnected by means of their processes, thus presenting a meshwork through which the neurons send their axons, accompanied by oligodendrocytes. Microglia are distributed throughout the brain.