Compiler Compilers And High Speed Compilation

Advances and problems in the field of compiler compilers are the subject of the 2nd CCHSC Workshop which took place in Berlin, GDR, in October 1988. The 18 papers which were selected for the workshop are now included in this volume, among them three invited papers. They discuss the requirements, properties and theoretical aspects of compiler compilers as well as tools and metatools for software engineering. The papers cover a wide spectrum in the field of compiler compilers ranging from overviews of existing compiler compilers and engineering of compiler compilers to special problems of attribute evaluation generation and code generation. In connection with compiler compiler projects means of supporting high speed compilation are pointed out. Special attention is given to problems of incremental compilation.

Advances and problems in the field of compiler compilers are the subject of the 2nd CCHSC Workshop which took place in Berlin, GDR, in October 1988. The 18 papers which were selected for the workshop are now included in this volume, among them three invited papers. They discuss the requirements, properties and theoretical aspects of compiler compilers as well as tools and metatools for software engineering. The papers cover a wide spectrum in the field of compiler compilers ranging from overviews of existing compiler compilers and engineering of compiler compilers to special problems of attribute evaluation generation and code generation. In connection with compiler compiler projects means of supporting high speed compilation are pointed out. Special attention is given to problems of incremental compilation.

Advances and problems in the field of compiler compilers are considered in this volume, which presents the proceedings of the third in a series of biannual workshops on compiler compilers. Selected papers address the topics of requirements, properties, and theoretical aspects of compiler compilers as well as tools and metatools for software engineering. The 23 papers cover a wide spectrum in the field of compiler compilers, ranging from overviews of new compiler compilers for generating quality compilers to special problems of code generation and optimization. Aspects of compilers for parallel systems and knowledge-based development tools are also discussed.

As an outcome of the author's many years of study, teaching, and research in the field of Compilers, and his constant interaction with students, this well-written book magnificently presents both the theory and the design techniques used in Compiler Designing. The book introduces the readers to compilers and their design challenges and describes in detail the different phases of a compiler. The book acquaints the students with the tools available in compiler designing. As the process of compiler designing essentially involves a number of subjects such as Automata Theory, Data Structures, Algorithms, Computer Architecture, and Operating System, the contributions of these fields are also emphasized. Various types of parsers are elaborated starting with the simplest ones such as recursive descent and LL to the most intricate ones such as LR, canonical LR, and LALR, with special emphasis on LR parsers. The new edition introduces a section on Lexical Analysis discussing the optimization techniques for the Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA) and a complete chapter on Syntax-Directed Translation, followed in the compiler design process. Designed primarily to serve as a text for a one-semester course in Compiler Design for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Computer Science, this book would also be of considerable benefit to the professionals. KEY FEATURES • This book is comprehensive yet compact and can be covered in one semester. • Plenty of examples and diagrams are provided in the book to help the readers assimilate the concepts with ease. • The exercises given in each chapter provide ample scope for practice. • The book offers insight into different optimization transformations. • Summary, at end of each chapter, enables the students to recapitulate the topics easily. TARGET AUDIENCE • BE/B.Tech/M.Tech: CSE/IT • M.Sc (Computer Science)

Attribute grammars have shown themselves to be a useful formalism for specifying the syntax and the static semantics of programming languages. They are also useful for implementing syntax-directed editors, compilers, translator writing systems and compiler generators, and any application that has a strong syntactic base. However, no textbooks are available that cover the entire field. To redress this imbalance, anInternational Summer School on Attribute Grammars, Applications and Systems was held in Prague, Czechoslovakia in June 1991. The course aimed at teaching the state of the art in attribute grammars, and their relation to other language specification methods. This volume presents the proceedings of the school. The papers are well suited for self-study, and a selection of them can be used for introductory courses in attribute grammars.

4. 2 Code Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 4. 3 Determining Communication Parameters . 99 4. 4 Multicast Communication Overhead · 103 4. 5 Partitioning . . . . . . · 103 4. 6 Experimental Results . 117 4. 7 Conclusion. . . . . . . · 121 5 COLLECTIVE PARTITIONING AND REMAPPING FOR MULTIPLE LOOP NESTS 125 5. 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . 125 5. 2 Program Enclosure Trees. . 128 5. 3 The CPR Algorithm . . 132 5. 4 Experimental Results. . 141 5. 5 Conclusion. . 146 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 149 INDEX . . . . . . . . 157 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. 1 The Butterfly Architecture. . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 2 Example of an iterative data-parallel loop . . 7 1. 3 Contiguous tiling and assignment of an iteration space. 13 2. 1 Communication along a line segment. . . 24 2. 2 Access pattern for the access offset, (3,2). 25 2. 3 Decomposing an access vector along an orthogonal basis set of vectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2. 4 An analysis of communication patterns. 29 2. 5 Decomposing a vector along two separate basis sets of vectors. 31 2. 6 Cache lines aligning with borders. 33 2. 7 Cache lines not aligned with borders. 34 2. 8 nh is the difference of nd and nb. 42 2. 9 nh is the sum of nd and nb. 42 2. 10 The ADAPT system. 44 2. 11 Code segment used in experiments. . 46 2. 12 Execution rates for various partitions. 47 2. 13 Execution time of partitions on Multimax. 48 2. 14 Performance increase as processing power increases. 49 2. 15 Percentage miss ratios for various aspect ratios and line sizes.

Significant research activity has occurred in the area of global optimization in recent years. Many new theoretical, algorithmic, and computational contributions have resulted. Despite the major importance of test problems for researchers, there has been a lack of representative nonconvex test problems for constrained global optimization algorithms. This book is motivated by the scarcity of global optimization test problems and represents the first systematic collection of test problems for evaluating and testing constrained global optimization algorithms. This collection includes problems arising in a variety of engineering applications, and test problems from published computational reports.

Code Generation - Concepts, Tools, Techniques is based upon the proceedings of the Dagstuhl workshop on code generation which took place from 20-24 May 1991. The aim of the workshop was to evaluate current methods of code generation and to indicate the main directions which future research is likely to take. It provided an excellent forum for the exchange of ideas and had the added advantage of bringing together European and American experts who were unlikely to meet at less specialised gatherings. This volume contains 14 of the 30 papers presented at the Dagstuhl workshop. The papers deal mainly with the following four topics: tools and techniques for code generation, code generation for parallel architectures, register allocation and phase ordering problems, and formal methods and validations. Most of the papers assess the progress of on-going research work, much of which is published here for the first time, while others provide a review of recently completed projects. The volume also contains summaries of two discussion groups which looked at code generation tools and parallel architectures. As a direct result of one of these discussions, a group of the participants have collaborated to make a pure BURS system available for public distribution. This system, named BURG, is currently being beta-tested. Code Generation - Concepts, Tools, Techniques provides a representative summary of state-of-the-art code generation techniques and an important assessment of possible future innovations. It will be an invaluable reference work for researchers and practitioners in this important area.