Computation On The Soroban

The Japanese Abacus & Theory book is easy to follow, and gives the reader step-by-step directions on how to use it correctly while applying it to practical use. The imperfect numerical notation and scarcity of suitable writing materials in ancient times are presumed to have given rise to need for devices of mechanical calculation. While the definite origin of the abacus is obscure, there is some reason for believing that its earliest form reckoning table covered with sand or fine dust, in which figures were drawn with a stylus, to be erased with the figure when necessary. Though the Abacus is an older tool for calculation it still is used today in Japan taking on a different name called Soroban. Though the Japanese Abacus or Soroban may appear mysterious or even primitive to those raised in the age of pocket calculators and desktop computers, this intriguing tool is capable of amazing speed and accuracy. It is still widely used throughout the shops and markets of Asia, and its popularity shows no sign of decline. Here for the first time in English is a complete explanation of how to use the abacus.

The International Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ICCFD) is the merger of the International Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Dynamics, ICNMFD (since 1969) and International Symposium on Computational Fluid Dynamics, ISCFD (since 1985). It is held every two years and brings together physicists, mathematicians and engineers to review and share recent advances in mathematical and computational techniques for modeling fluid dynamics. The proceedings of the 2006 conference (ICCFD4) held in Gent, Belgium, contain a selection of refereed contributions and are meant to serve as a source of reference for all those interested in the state of the art in computational fluid mechanics.

Issues in Computation / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Computational Chemistry. The editors have built Issues in Computation: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Computational Chemistry in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Computation: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Exploring a vast array of topics related to computation, Computing: A Historical and Technical Perspective covers the historical and technical foundation of ancient and modern-day computing. The book starts with the earliest references to counting by humans, introduces various number systems, and discusses mathematics in early civilizations. It guides readers all the way through the latest advances in computer science, such as the design and analysis of computer algorithms. Through historical accounts, brief technical explanations, and examples, the book answers a host of questions, including: Why do humans count differently from the way current electronic computers do? Why are there 24 hours in a day, 60 minutes in an hour, etc.? Who invented numbers, when were they invented, and why are there different kinds? How do secret writings and cryptography date back to ancient civilizations? Innumerable individuals from many cultures have contributed their talents and creativity to formulate what has become our mathematical and computing heritage. By bringing together the historical and technical aspects of computing, this book enables readers to gain a deep appreciation of the long evolutionary processes of the field developed over thousands of years. Suitable as a supplement in undergraduate courses, it provides a self-contained historical reference source for anyone interested in this important and evolving field.

This volume traces back the history of interaction between the “computational” or “algorithmic” aspects of elementary mathematics and mathematics education throughout ages. More specifically, the examples of mathematical practices analyzed by the historians of mathematics and mathematics education who authored the chapters in the present collection show that the development (and, in some cases, decline) of counting devices and related computational practices needs to be considered within a particular context to which they arguably belonged, namely, the context of mathematics instruction; in their contributions the authors also explore the role that the instruments played in formation of didactical approaches in various mathematical traditions, stretching from Ancient Mesopotamia to the 20th century Europe and North America.

(Black & white version of the original colored version). This book will teach you step-by-step how to perform addition and subtraction on a Japanese abacus. Clearly explained with text and pictures throughout every stage of your calculation. It has been specifically written for children.