Conquest Of The Atlantic

The story of how the fearsome Atlantic Ocean was explored by early sailors, including the Vikings, whose brilliant navigation matched their bravery.

Discusses knowledge of, and travel across the Atlantic Ocean from the myths of the Middle Ages through the beginnings of regular travel by air in the 1930s.

Cunard, the most famous name in shipping, turns 175 years old in 2015. Cunard began back in 1840 with paddlewheel steamers, but grew and progressed and created some of the largest, fastest and most luxurious liners in their time. The final 'golden age' on the Atlantic run between Europe and North America was in the 1950s when the company slogan 'Getting there was half the fun' seemed so apt. Cunard had twelve liners running Atlantic crossings in 1958 but the same year saw the introduction of the speedy and efficient passenger jet that immediately stole transatlantic travellers. The Cunard 'cast' of the late 1950s includes such celebrated ocean liners such as Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth as well as others like Mauretania, Caronia, Britannic, Saxonia and small ships including the Media and Parthia. Conquest of the Atlantic: Cunard Liners of the 1950s and 1960s is the story of these great ships that are all still remembered with much fondness and of the life onboard them. Cunard would face furious competition with jet aircraft and by 1969 be reduced to one Atlantic liner, the legendary and iconic Queen Elizabeth 2.

The Spanish conquest has long been a source of polemic, ever since the early sixteenth century when Spanish jurists began theorizing the legal merits behind native dispossession in the Americas. But in The Business of Conquest: Empire, Love, and Law in the Atlantic World, Nicole D. Legnani demonstrates how the financing and partnerships behind early expeditions betray their own praxis of imperial power as a business, even as the laws of the Indies were being written. She interrogates how and why apologists of Spanish Christian empire, such as José de Acosta, found themselves justifying the Spanish conquest as little more than a joint venture between crown and church that relied on violent actors in pursuit of material profits but that nonetheless served to propagate Christianity in overseas territories. Focusing on cultural and economic factors at play, and examining not only the chroniclers of the era but also laws, contracts, theological treatises, histories, and chivalric fiction, Legnani traces the relationship between capital investment, monarchical power, and imperial scalability in the Conquest. In particular, she shows how the Christian virtue of caritas (love and charity of neighbor, and thus God) became confused with cupiditas (greed and lust), because love came to be understood as a form of wealth in the partnership between the crown and the church. In this partnership, the work of the conquistador became, ultimately, that of a traveling business agent for the Spanish empire whose excess from one venture capitalized the next. This business was thus the business of conquest, and featured entrepreneurial violence as its norm--not exception. The Business of Conquest offers an original examination of this period, including the perspectives of both the creators of the colonial world (monarchs, venture capitalists, conquerors, and officials), of religious figures (such as Las Casas), and finally of indigenous points of view to show how a venture capital model can be used to analyze the partnership between crown and church. It will appeal to students and scholars of the early modern period, Latin American colonial studies, capitalism, history, and indigenous studies.

A Cultural History of the Atlantic World, 1250–1820 explores the idea that strong links exist in the histories of Africa, Europe and North and South America. John K. Thornton provides a comprehensive overview of the history of the Atlantic Basin before 1830 by describing political, social and cultural interactions between the continents' inhabitants. He traces the backgrounds of the populations on these three continental landmasses brought into contact by European navigation. Thornton then examines the political and social implications of the encounters, tracing the origins of a variety of Atlantic societies and showing how new ways of eating, drinking, speaking and worshipping developed in the newly created Atlantic World. This book uses close readings of original sources to produce new interpretations of its subject.

The conquest of Port-Royal by British forces in 1710 is an intensely revealing episode in the history of northeastern North America. Bringing together multi-layered perspectives, including the conquest's effects on aboriginal inhabitants, Acadians, and New Englanders, and using a variety of methodologies to contextualise the incident in local, regional, and imperial terms, six prominent scholars form new conclusions regarding the events of 1710. The authors show that the processes by which European states sought to legitimate their claims, and the terms on which mutual toleration would be granted or withheld by different peoples living side by side are especially visible in the Nova Scotia that emerged following the conquest. Important on both a local and global scale, The 'Conquest' of Acadia will be a significant contribution to Acadian history, native studies, native rights histories, and the socio-political history of the eighteenth century.