Emerging Transplant Infections

The field of transplant medicine has evolved significantly since the first kidney transplant was performed in 1954. Innovations in transplant immunosuppression have lowered the risk of organ rejection so that infectious complications are now the leading cause of hospitalization and mortality after solid organ transplant. Infection is also cited as the leading cause of non-relapse mortality after stem cell transplantation. As transplant centers have recognized the importance of transplant specific expertise in patient outcomes, the field of transplant infectious diseases has expanded into a recognized and highly valued subspecialty. International growth in solid organ and stem cell transplantation has outpaced access to such expertise, with some centers employing microbiology laboratory directors and transplant nephrologists as their lead infectious diseases consultants. This has been a particular challenge as the use of novel immunosuppressive regimens in new geographic and immigrant populations have fueled the emergence of new infection syndromes, with the initial presentation sometimes occurring in this most vulnerable patient population. This digital-first book is designed to meet the needs of practitioners engaged in transplant infectious disease practice who need more depth than they are able to find in UpToDate. It provides an overview of emerging infectious disease challenges with clinically relevant information regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prevention of infections in solid organ and stem cell transplant recipients. Each chapter focuses on a clinical syndrome or pathogen with new or emerging implications for transplant patients. Given the rapidly evolving nature of emerging infections and topics in transplant infections, no resource has been published on these increasingly notorious issues; this this text is written by top, global experts who regularly update the material to ensure that readers will always have access to the most cutting edge material available. The editorial team consists of three experienced leaders in the field, all of whom have a strong record of scholarship and publication, as well as an international reputation. All three have focused their academic careers on emerging infectious diseases in transplantation, including a current and a past president of various infectious diseases and transplantation societies. The editors are also experienced reviewers and authors who have collaborated on multiple previous projects. All are committed to this project as a unique opportunity to make an important contribution to their field.

As the number of patients undergoing hematotopoietic or solid organ transplantation increases, a deep understanding of the field of transplant infectious diseases grows increasingly vital. With its extensively revised and updated review of surgical infections, treatment, prevention, and practice, this book is the ultimate guide to advances in the field of transplant infections that are rapidly implemented into practice both in diagnostic technologies, new therapies, new transplant practices, and challenges such as the threat of multiresistant bacteria and the increasing use of transplantation in the developing parts of the world. Written by experts in their fields, this book is the only comprehensive source of cutting-edge information on transplant infections and has been a trusted guide to medical professionals worldwide for nearly two decades. Transplant Infections is of paramount value to infectious disease specialists, transplant physicians, medical students, fellows, residents, and all medical professionals working with surgical patients.

This comprehensive volume provides a platform from which both major and minor infectious diseases related issues are addressed in-depth among this highly susceptible population. The book begins with an overview of infections in various modalities. This is followed by chapters on clinical disorders, etiologic agents, therapeutics, and infection prevention. Chapters include easy-to-follow figures and tables, radiologic images, and pictorial demonstrations of various disease states to familiarize and reacquaint the transplant clinicians and surgeons in practice and training, and those belonging to subspecialties providing supportive care for these patients. Discussions to enumerate the noninfectious causes that mimic infectious diseases; clinical relevance and effective utility of existing and emerging diagnostic tools are presented throughout the book. Authored by leaders in their fields, this book is the go-to reference for management of patients undergoing hematopoietic and solid organ transplantation.

Transplant Infections is designed to be a practical reference covering the common and more unusual infections following bone marrow/stem cell and solid organ transplant. It provides a comprehensive review of epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of opportunistic infections and focuses on the clinical concerns of the practitioner. New to the Second Edition: expanded coverage in all sections, algorithms on work-up of infection for each setting, increased focus on the interaction of the infectious diseases specialist with transplanters, new information on increased infectious risk with stem cell and blood transplants, and progress in treatment and diagnosis of viral infections.

Transplant Infections is a practical, clinically focused reference covering the common and more unusual bacterial, viral, and fungal infections affecting patients who have received stem cell or solid organ transplants. It provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of opportunistic infections and presents strategies for infection prevention and control. Highlights of the Third Edition include a chapter on new immunosuppressive agents and expanded coverage of tropical infections and West Nile virus.

The potential etiologies of infection are diverse and these infections can often progress rapidly in SOT patients. Diagnosis can be difficult, owing to the altered anatomy that sometimes follows transplant surgery. Many of the areas related to infections in SOT recipients are unresolved and controversial, and recognized emerging issues include donor-derived infection, the impact of pandemic influenza in the SOT recipient, and drug-resistant infections.

Whether you need to manage a post-transplant infection or reduce the possibility of infection, you will find effective guidance in this handbook. The work of the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice, this reference exclusively uses tables and flowcharts to speed up decision making. This distinguished group of investigators and teachers provide point of care information on optimum management of infection in adult and pediatric organ and stem cell transplant patients. The unique tables and flowcharts are devised by the authors, backed up with extensive references, making the book a fully researched yet easy to use guide. The fast growing specialty of transplantation will be well served by this book as increasing numbers of successful procedures mean transplant teams have to be ever more alert to the possibility of and need for action in the event of ensuing infection.

This book describes a practical approach to the diagnosis, management, and prevention of infectious complications in solid-organ transplant (SOT) candidates and recipients, based on both up-to-date clinical evidence and state of the art expert opinion from world-renowned experts in the field. The book is divided into three parts, the first of which explains risk assessment and the general approach to infectious diseases in the pre-, peri-, and early and late post-transplant periods. The remaining two sections address the prevention and treatment of infection with particular pathogens and the management of specific syndromes, such as pneumonia, CNS infections, UTIs, and skin infections. Infections in SOT recipients – often due to multidrug-resistant organisms – represent a major challenge. Preventive strategies need to be adapted according to the type of allograft and period after transplantation. Moreover, toxicity and drug interaction with immunosuppressive drugs must be taken into consideration when treating infectious complications. In explaining in depth how best to ensure allograft and patient survival, this book will be of value to infectious disease specialists and transplant physicians at all levels of experience.