Fluid Dynamics Computational Modeling And Applications

The content of this book covers several up-to-date topics in fluid dynamics, computational modeling and its applications, and it is intended to serve as a general reference for scientists, engineers, and graduate students. The book is comprised of 30 chapters divided into 5 parts, which include: winds, building and risk prevention; multiphase flow, structures and gases; heat transfer, combustion and energy; medical and biomechanical applications; and other important themes. This book also provides a comprehensive overview of computational fluid dynamics and applications, without excluding experimental and theoretical aspects.

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications COMPUTATIONAL MODELING IN BIOLOGICAL FLUID DYNAMICS is based on the proceedings of a very successful workshop with the same title. The workshop was an integral part of the September 1998 to June 1999 IMA program on "MATHEMATICS IN BIOLOGY." I would like to thank the organizing committee: Lisa J. Fauci of Tulane University and Shay Gueron of Technion - Israel Institute of Technology for their excellent work as organizers of the meeting and for editing the proceedings. I also take this opportunity to thank the National Science Founda tion (NSF), whose financial support of the IMA made the Mathematics in Biology program possible. Willard Miller, Jr., Professor and Director Institute for Mathematics and its Applications University of Minnesota 400 Lind Hall, 207 Church St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455-0436 612-624-6066, FAX 612-626-7370 [email protected] World Wide Web: http://www.ima.umn.edu v PREFACE A unifying theme in biological fluid dynamics is the interaction of moving, elastic boundaries with a surrounding fluid. A complex dynami cal system describes the motion of red blood cells through the circulatory system, the movement of spermatazoa in the reproductive tract, cilia of microorganisms, or a heart pumping blood. The revolution in computa tional technology has allowed tremendous progress in the study of these previously intractable fluid-structure interaction problems.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is an important design tool in engineering and also a substantial research tool in various physical sciences as well as in biology. The objective of this book is to provide university students with a solid foundation for understanding the numerical methods employed in today’s CFD and to familiarise them with modern CFD codes by hands-on experience. It is also intended for engineers and scientists starting to work in the field of CFD or for those who apply CFD codes. Due to the detailed index, the text can serve as a reference handbook too. Each chapter includes an extensive bibliography, which provides an excellent basis for further studies.

This book contains updated information on topics like fluid dynamics, computational modeling and its applications, and aims to help scientists, engineers, and graduate students as a general reference. It discusses topics like: winds, building and risk prevention; multiphase flow, structures and gases; heat transfer, combustion and energy; medical and biomechanical applications; and other crucial topics. Along with all that has been mentioned, this book also gives a detailed view of computational fluid dynamics and applications, without excluding experimental and theoretical aspects.

A new approach to CFD that leverages modeling software and is light on math This concise, highly illustrated resource gets you started using a new, streamlined method for approaching Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) that utilizes commercial software and requires minimal mathematical computations. Developed from curricula taught by the authors, Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Introduction to Modeling and Applications shows how to use high-powered numerical analyses and data structures to analyze and solve problems that involve fluid flows and heat transfer. You will learn how to use the latest computer programs, such as Fluent, to perform the complex calculations required. Coverage includes: Conservation laws in thermal-fluid sciences The finite volume method Two-dimensional steady state laminar incompressible fluid flow Three-dimensional steady state turbulent incompressible fluid flow Convection heat transfer for two-dimensional steady state incompressible flow Three-dimensional fluid flow and heat transfer modeling in a heat exchanger Three-dimensional fluid flow and heat transfer modeling in a heat sink Solving the linear and non-linear system of equations Methods for solving Navier Stokes equations And much more

This book contains updated information on topics like fluid dynamics, computational modeling and its applications. It discusses topics like: winds, building and risk prevention; multiphase flow, structures and gases; heat transfer, combustion and energy; medical and biomechanical applications; and other crucial topics. Along with all that has been mentioned, this book also gives a detailed view of computational fluid dynamics and applications, without excluding experimental and theoretical aspects.

Transport processes are often characterized by the simultaneous presence of multiple dependent variables, multiple length scales, body forces, free boundaries and strong non-linearities. The various computational elements important for the prediction of complex fluid flows and interfacial transport are presented in this volume. Practical applications, presented in the form of illustrations and examples are emphasized, as well as physical interpretation of the computed results. The book is intended as a reference for researchers and graduate students in mechanical, aerospace, chemical and materials engineering. Both macroscopic and microscopic (but still continuum) features are addressed. In order to lay down a good foundation to facilitate discussion of more advanced techniques, the book has been divided into three parts. Part I presents the basic concepts of finite difference schemes for solving parabolic, elliptic and hyperbolic partial differential equations. Part II deals with issues related to computational modeling for fluid flow and transport phenomena. Existing algorithms to solve the Navier-Stokes equations can be generally classified as density-based methods and pressure-based methods. In this book the pressure-based method is emphasized. Recent efforts to improve the performance of the pressure-based algorithm, both qualitatively and quantitatively, are treated, including formulation of the algorithm and its generalization to all flow speeds, choice of coordinate system and primary velocity variables, issues of grid layout, open boundary treatment and the role of global mass conservation, convection treatment and convergence. Practical engineering applications, including gas-turbine combustor flow, heat transfer and convection in high pressure discharge lamps, thermal management under microgravity, and flow through hydraulic turbines are also discussed. Part III addresses the transport processes involving interfacial dynamics. Specifically those influenced by phase change, gravity, and capillarity are emphasized, and both the macroscopic and morphological (microscopic) scales are presented. Basic concepts of interface, capillarity, and phase change processes are summarized to help clarify physical mechanisms, followed by a discussion of recent developments in computational modeling. Numerical solutions are also discussed to illustrate the salient features of practical engineering applications. Fundamental features of interfacial dynamics have also been illustrated in the form of case studies, to demonstrate the interplay between fluid and thermal transport of macroscopic scales and their interaction with interfacial transport.

Over the past few decades, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a powerful tool for the design and optimization of new products and processes. It is widely used in a variety of applications and industries such as chemical, petroleum, aerospace, automotive, power generation, polymer processing, medical research, construction, meteorology, and so forth. In fluid mechanics, there are generally three routes of work in the field, three ways to conduct experiments. The first category is theoretical, or analytical, fluid mechanics. Theoretical fluid mechanics includes theorizing, manipulating and solving equations with pen and paper. The Navier-Stokes equation governing incompressible fluid flow is an example of theoretical fluid mechanics. Secondly, many engineers and physicist work in the area of experimental fluid mechanics. Experimental fluid mechanics involves conducting actual physical experiments and studying the flow and the effect of various disturbances, shapes, and stimuli on the flow, such as waves generated by pools, air flow studies in actual wind tunnels, flow through physical pipes, etc. To improve the design of process equipment while avoiding tedious and time consuming experiments Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) calculations have been employed during the last decades. The advent of fast computers has improved the accessibility of CFD, which appears as an effective tool with great potential.Introduction To Computational Fluid Dynamics provides a comprehensive overview of computational fluid dynamics and applications, including experimental and theoretical aspects. It covers several up-to-date topics in fluid dynamics, computational modeling and its applications. This book will serve as a valuable guide to meet the needs of scientists and research engineers who search for their own computational fluid dynamics skills to solve a variety of fluid flow problems as well as a growing number of engineers, mathematicians, computer scientists, and physicists work in the area of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) will find it purposeful.