From Mythic To Linear

In this radically new approach to text typology, Maria Nikolajeva examines the depiction of time in literature for children.

Annual of The Modern Language Association Division on Children’s Literature and The Children’s Literature Association ARTICLES: Perry Nodelman Speculations on the Characteristics of Children’s Fiction; Roderick McGillis The Pleasure of the Process; Thomas Travisano Of Dialectic and Divided Consciousness; Margaret R. Higonnet A Pride of Pleasures; Perry Nodelman The Urge to Sameness; Kenneth Kidd Boyology in the Twentieth Century; Marilynn Olson Turn-of-the-Century Grotesque; Peter Hollindale Plain Speaking; Hamida Bosmajian Doris Orgel’s The Devil in Vienna; Joseph Stanton Maurice Sendak’s Urban Landscapes. VARIA: Andrea Immel James Pettit Andrews’s "Books" (1790); Penny Mahon "Things by Their Right Name"; Phyllis Bixler The Lion and the Lamb. IN MEMORIAM: R. H. W. Dillard In Memoriam: Francelia Butler, 1913–1998; John Cech In Mansfield Hollow: For Francelia; Eric Dawson Francelia’s Dream. REVIEWS: Anita Tarr "Still so much work to be done"; Gillian Adams A Fuzzy Genre; Kenneth Kidd Crosswriting the School Story; Raymond E. Jones A New Salvo in the Literary Battle of the Sexes; Stephen Canham From Wonderland to the Marketplace; Jan Susina Dealing with Victorian Fairies; Gregory Eiselein Reading a Feminist Romance; Anne K. Phillips The Wizard of Oz in the Twentieth Century; June Cummins "Where the Girls Are"—and Aren’t; Deborah Stevenson Letters from the Editor; Hamida Bosmajian Dangerous Images; Roberta Seelinger Trites The Transactional School of Children’s Literature Criticism. DISSERTATIONS OF NOTE: Mary Mayfield and Rachel Fordyce

This book offers new critical approaches for the study of adaptations, abridgments, translations, parodies, and mash-ups that occur internationally in contemporary children's culture. It follows recent shifts in adaptation studies that call for a move beyond fidelity criticism, a paradigm that measures the success of an adaptation by the level of fidelity to the "original" text, toward a methodology that considers the adaptation to be always already in conversation with the adapted text. This book visits children's literature and culture in order to consider the generic, pedagogical, and ideological underpinnings that drive both the process and the product. Focusing on novels as well as folktales, films, graphic novels, and anime, the authors consider the challenges inherent in transforming the work of authors such as William Shakespeare, Charles Perrault, L.M. Montgomery, Laura Ingalls Wilder, and A.A. Milne into new forms that are palatable for later audiences particularly when--for perceived ideological or political reasons--the textual transformation is not only unavoidable but entirely necessary. Contributors consider the challenges inherent in transforming stories and characters from one type of text to another, across genres, languages, and time, offering a range of new models that will inform future scholarship.

Beginning with Rudyard Kipling and Edith Nesbit and concluding with best-selling series still ongoing at the time of writing, this volume examines works of twentieth- and twenty-first-century children's literature that incorporate character types, settings, and narratives derived from the Greco-Roman past. Drawing on a cognitive poetics approach to reception studies, it argues that authors typically employ a limited and powerful set of spatial metaphors - palimpsest, map, and fractal - to organize the classical past for preteen and adolescent readers. Palimpsest texts see the past as a collection of strata in which each new era forms a layer superimposed upon a foundation laid earlier; map texts use the metaphor of the mappable journey to represent a protagonist's process of maturing while gaining knowledge of the self and/or the world; fractal texts, in which small parts of the narrative are thematically identical to the whole, present the past in a way that implies that history is infinitely repeatable. While a given text may embrace multiple metaphors in presenting the past, associations between dominant metaphors, genre, and outlook emerge from the case studies examined in each chapter, revealing remarkable thematic continuities in how the past is represented and how agency is attributed to protagonists: each model, it is suggested, uses the classical past to urge and thus perhaps to develop a particular approach to life.

This volume visits death in children’s literature from around the world, making a substantial contribution to the dialogue between the expanding fields of Childhood Studies, Children’s Literature, and Death Studies. Considering both textual and pictorial representations of death, contributors focus on the topic of death in children’s literature as a physical reality, a philosophical concept, a psychologically challenging adjustment, and/or a social construct. Essays covering literature from the US, Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala, Canada, the UK, Sweden, Germany, Poland, Bulgaria, Brazil, Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, India, and Iran display a diverse range of theoretical and cultural perspectives. Carefully organized sections interrogate how classic texts have been adapted for the twenty-first century, how death has been politicized, ritualized, or metaphorized, and visual strategies for representing death, and how death has been represented within the context of play. Asking how different cultures present the concept of death to children, this volume is the first to bring together a global range of perspective on death in children’s literature and will be a valuable contribution to an array of disciplines.

This book applies the techniques of semiotic analysis to a selection of short stories by Leonid Andreev in an attempt to offer one answer to the problems of categorizing Andreev's unique art and placing it within a literary-evolutionary perspective. Drawing on a range of literary theory from early Russian Formalism onwards, the study proceeds from one level to another according to a principle of 'degree of abstraction', so that each level constitutes firstly an independent account of Andreev's texts in itself, and secondly one stage in an overall analysis.

In this book, members of the ChiLPA Project explore the children's literature of several different cultures, ranging from ancient India, nineteenth century Russia, and the Soviet Union, to twentieth century Britain, America, Australia, Sweden, and Finland. The research covers not only the form and content of books for children, but also their potential social functions, especially within education. These two perspectives are brought together within a theory of children's literature as one among other forms of communication, an approach that sees the role of literary scholars, critics and teachers as one of mediation. Part I deals with the way children's writers and picturebook-makers draw on a culture's available resources of orality, literacy, intertextuality, and image. Part II examines their negotiation of major issues such as the child adult distinction, gender, politics, and the Holocaust. Part III discusses children's books as used within language education programmes, with particular attention to young readers' pragmatic processing of differences between the context of writing and their own context of reading.

From the 1960s until his death in 2013, Robert N. Bellah was the preeminent figure in the study of religion and society. He broke new ground in mapping the religious dimensions of human experience, from the great breakthroughs of the first millennium BCE to the paradoxes of American civic life. In three final essays, published here for the first time, Bellah grapples with the contradictions of modernity, and seven leading thinkers respond with profound, exhilarating new perspectives on our present predicament. Challenging Modernity critically assesses the modern project to shed light on the tensions between its transcendent aspirations and the perils we now face. Its contributors analyze the roots of the collapse of the political, economic, and cultural institutions that promised perpetual progress but now threaten global catastrophe. Reflecting the range of Bellah’s scholarship, they span the disciplines of history, sociology, anthropology, and philosophy. They extend Bellah’s insight that only deep historical, cultural, and religious understanding can help us meet modernity’s harrowing challenges by sharing responsibility for the global interdependence of our common fate.