Gas Liquid Solid Fluidization Engineering

This book provides a comprehensive mechanistic interpretation of the transport phenomena involved in various basic modes of gas-liquid-solid fluidization. These modes include, for example, those for three-phase fluidized beds, slurry columns, turbulent contact absorbers, and three-phase fluidized beds, slurry columns, turbulent contact absorbers, and three-phase transport. It summarizes the empirical correlations useful for predicting transport properties for each mode of of operation. Gas-Liquid-Solid Fluidization Engineering provides a comprehensive account of the state-of-the-art applications of the three-phase fluidization systems that are important in both small-and large-scale operations. These applications include fermentation, biological wastewater treatment, flue gas desulfurization and particulates removal, and resid hydrotreating. This book highlights the industrial implications of these applications. In addition, it discusses information gaps and future directions for research in this field.

Fluidization Engineering, Second Edition, expands on its original scope to encompass these new areas and introduces reactor models specifically for these contacting regimes. Completely revised and updated, it is essentially a new book. Its aim is to distill from the thousands of studies those particular developments that are pertinent for the engineer concerned with predictive methods, for the designer, and for the user and potential user of fluidized beds. Covers the recent advances in the field of fluidization. Presents the studies of developments necessary to the engineers, designers, and users of fluidized beds.

A concise and clear treatment of the fundamentals of fluidization, with a view to its applications in the process and energy industries.

The fluidized-bed reactor is the centerpiece of industrial fluidization processes. This book focuses on the design and operation of fluidized beds in many different industrial processes, emphasizing the rationale for choosing fluidized beds for each particular process. The book starts with a brief history of fluidization from its inception in the 1940’s. The authors present both the fluid dynamics of gas-solid fluidized beds and the extensive experimental studies of operating systems and they set them in the context of operating processes that use fluid-bed reactors. Chemical engineering students and postdocs as well as practicing engineers will find great interest in this book.

Fluidization of solid particles is a disciplinary branch of chemical engineering with rich scientific connotations and vast industrial applications. It is the significantly important science and technology widely used in solids handling, processing, and chemical conversion (catalytically or non-catalytically) in many process industries. As it is so useful in many commercial applications, fluidization has received considerable attention over the years, and many peer-reviewed papers, conference proceedings, and technical books have been published. However, all the books published so far emphasized on large-scale fluidized beds, none of them on micro fluidized beds. In recent years, microchemical technology has become a hotspot of rapid growing research, which has attracted increasing attention from both academy and industry. However, the research efforts have been devoted to continuous-fluid reactors - microchannel or microfluidic reactors. These microstructured reactors process or manipulate tiny amounts of fluids (gas or liquid) continuously using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers. For many industrial chemical reactions involving solid particles, these microreactors cannot handle them, thus there is a need to research and develop microreactors for applications in which solid particles are involved and fluidized. In fact, there are many recent studies devoted to size-miniatured fluidized bed reactors. Research has demonstrated that as the fluidized bed reactor is reduced in size, such phenomena as hydrodynamics, fluid/solids mixing, diffusion, heat and mass transfer, and reactor performance show distinctive and superior characteristics as compared to large-size fluidized bed reactors. Despite the scientific importance and application potential, micro fluidized bed reactors have received far less attention than microchannel reactors. This fact led us to write this book, aiming to promote the rapid development of this promising technology. In this first-ever monograph on micro fluidized beds, the authors will systematically and comprehensively summarize the characteristics of the technology. The book is prepared in three parts. In the first part, we will provide a short description of the background and history of the micro fluidized bed research and development. Then, we will devote to summarizing and analyzing the hydrodynamic characteristics of gas-solid micro fluidized beds. We will present detailed research results of delayed onsets of minimum, bubbling, and slugging fluidization regimes, as well as of the advanced transitions to turbulent and fast fluidization regimes. Based on these results, the wall effects - the key mechanism resulting in the unique behavior of micro fluidization - are comprehensively analyzed. Following, we discuss gas and solids mixing characteristics in terms of gas residence time distribution, gas backmixing, and solids mixing. We show that the major characteristic of micro fluidized bed is the near-plug flow of fluid in the bed. This character defines the distinctions between micro fluidized beds and macro fluidized beds. Furthermore, fluidization regime maps are developed to define fluidization regimes and their transitions in micro fluidized beds. In the second part of the book, we focus on presentations of the so-called micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer (MFBRA) - a powerful tool for catalyst screening, process development, optimization of reaction parameters, studies of reaction mechanism and kinetics, among many other purposes. We describe in detail the MFBRA's system design characteristics, analytic methodologies, and various applications in thermochemical and catalytic reaction analysis. We will also present examples to show how the MFBRA helped the development, design, and commercialization of several industrial processes. In the third part of the book, we present recent investigations of liquid-solid, and gas-liquid-solid micro fluidization systems. Hydrodynamics, mass transfer, and wide applications of these micro fluidized beds are discussed. Lastly, we will present future prospects for the development, research, and application of micro fluidized beds. Up-to-date information (all related research results and insights) on micro fluidized beds are comprehensively summarized and analysed. The unique characteristics of micro fluidized beds are described and explained. Detailed fundamental aspects and applications related to gas-solids, liquid-solids, and gas-liquid-solids micro fluidized beds are covered Up-to-date and potential applications of micro fluidized beds are outlined with details of application characteristics. Examples are provided to show how micro fluidized beds can serve researchers with their unique capabilities: 1) obtain near-intrinsic reaction kinetics; 2) decode the true reaction mechanism; 3) accelerate catalyst screening; and 4) develop new reaction processes Micro fluidized beds as both a powerful analytic tool and an advanced micro reactor are demonstrated with several cases studies, in which micro fluidized beds have played a prominent role in resolution of scientific fundamental problems and development of advanced innovative processes

The theme of the present volume of Advances in Chemical Engineering is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and aims to show the state-of-the-art of the application of CFD in chemical engineering. The volume is made up of five complementary contributions, providing a style of between a tutorial and a research paper. Some contributions are entirely limited to velocity and temperature fields. Others emphasize the difficulties associated with the combination of transport and reaction. Contributions include dealing with the simulation of gas-liquid bubble columns and gas-liquid-solid fluidized beds. Addressing the different levels of modeling that are required in order to cover the full spectrum of length scales that are important for industrial applications. Stirred turbulent vessels and the chemical reactions. The importance of chemical reaction kinetics and the interaction with transport phenomena. Finally, looking at reactor engineering: the catalytic fixed bed reactor. Original reviews Leading chemical engineers as authors Reviewing the state-of-the-art of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

The publication of the third edition of 'Chemical Engineering Volume 3' marks the completion of the re-orientation of the basic material contained in the first three volumes of the series. Volume 3 is devoted to reaction engineering (both chemical and biochemical), together with measurement and process control. This text is designed for students, graduate and postgraduate, of chemical engineering.

This book is devoted to a fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamic nature of a bubble wake, more specifically the primary wake, in liquids and liquid-solid suspensions, an dto the role it plays in various important flow phenomena of multiphase systems. Examples of these phenomena are liquid/solids mixing, bubble coalescence and disintergration, particle entrainment to the freeboard, and bed contraction.