Gis And Geostatistical Techniques For Groundwater Science

GIS and Geostatistical Techniques for Groundwater Science provides a detailed synthesis of the application of GIS and geostatistics in groundwater studies. As the book illustrates, GIS can be a powerful tool for developing solutions for water resource problems, assessing water quality, and managing water resources. Beginning with an introduction to the history of GIS and geostatistical techniques in groundwater studies, the book then describes various spatial techniques, including case studies for various applications, from quality assessment, to resource management. This book assembles the most up-to-date techniques in GIS and geostatistics as they relate to groundwater, one of our most important natural resources. Provides details on the application of GIS and statistics in groundwater studies Includes practical coverage of the use of spatial analysis techniques in groundwater science Bridges the gap between geostatistics and GIS as it relates to groundwater science and management Offers worldwide case studies to illustrate various techniques and applications in addressing groundwater issues

This book offers essential information on geospatial technologies for water resource management and highlights the latest GIS and geostatistics techniques as they relate to groundwater. Groundwater is inarguably India's single most important natural resource. It is the foundation of millions of Indian farmers' livelihood security and the primary source of drinking water for a vast majority of Indians in rural and urban areas. The prospects of continued high rates of growth in the Indian economy will, to a great extent, depend on how judiciously we can manage groundwater in the years to come. Over the past three decades, India has emerged as by far the single largest consumer of groundwater in the world. Though groundwater has made the country self-sufficient in terms of food, we face a crisis of dwindling water tables and declining water quality. Deep drilling by tube wells, which was once part of the solution to water shortages, is now in danger of becoming part of the problem. Consequently, we urgently need to focus our efforts on the sustainable and equitable management of groundwater. Addressing that need, this book presents novel advances in and applications of RS–GIS and geostatistical techniques to the research community in a precise and straightforward manner.

This volume advances the scientific understanding, development, and application of geospatial technologies related to groundwater resource management, mapping, monitoring, and modelling using up-to-date remote sensing and GIS techniques. The book further provides a critical analysis of the debates and discourses surrounding groundwater resources and society, illustrates the relationship between groundwater resources and precision agriculture for societal development, and describes novel, region-specific management strategies and techniques for sustainability with case studies. The book is organized into three parts: (I) Groundwater resources and societal development; (II) Groundwater availability, quality and pollution; and (III) Sustainable groundwater resources management. Each section begins with a short introduction that includes an overview of the papers in that section. Individual chapters focus on the core themes of research and knowledge along with some topics that have received lesser attention. The book will be of interest to water resource planners and decision-makers, academic researchers, policy makers, NGOs, and academic researchers and students in Geography, Geophysics, Hydrology, Remote Sensing & GIS, Agriculture, Soil Science, and Agronomy.

GIS and Geocomputation for Water Resource Science and Engineering not only provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of geographic information systems but also demonstrates how GIS and mathematical models can be integrated to develop spatial decision support systems to support water resources planning, management and engineering. The book uses a hands-on active learning approach to introduce fundamental concepts and numerous case-studies are provided to reinforce learning and demonstrate practical aspects. The benefits and challenges of using GIS in environmental and water resources fields are clearly tackled in this book, demonstrating how these technologies can be used to harness increasingly available digital data to develop spatially-oriented sustainable solutions. In addition to providing a strong grounding on fundamentals, the book also demonstrates how GIS can be combined with traditional physics-based and statistical models as well as information-theoretic tools like neural networks and fuzzy set theory.

Case Studies in Geospatial Applications to Groundwater Resources provides thorough the most up-to-date techniques in GIS and geostatistics as they relate to groundwater, through detailed case studies that prove real-world applications of remote sensing applications to this subject. Groundwater is the primary source of fresh water in many parts of the world, while come regions are becoming overly dependent on it, consuming groundwater faster than it is naturally replenished and causing water tables to decline unremittingly. India is the largest user of groundwater in the world followed by China and the USA, with developing countries using groundwater at an unsustainable rate. Systematic planning of groundwater usage using modern techniques is essential for the proper utilization, management and modeling of this precious but shrinking natural resource. With the advent of powerful and highspeed personal computers, efficient techniques for water management have evolved, of which remote sensing, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), GPS (Global Positioning Systems) and Geostatistical techniques are of great significance. This book advances the scientific understanding, development, and application of geospatial technologies related to water resource management. Case Studies in Geospatial Applications to Groundwater Resources is a valuable reference for researchers and postgraduate students in Earth and Environmental Sciences, especially GIS, agriculture, hydrology, natural resources, and soil science, who need to be able to apply the latest technologies in groundwater research in a practical manner. Provides detailed case studies on groundwater resources around the world, including regions with highest groundwater resource use Covers modern remote sensing and geostatistical technique-based groundwater resource mapping, monitoring, and modelling Describes novel region-specific management strategies and techniques for sustainability with case studies to illustrate effectiveness Includes practical coverage of the use of geospatial analysis techniques in groundwater resources

Geographical Information System and Crime Mapping features a diverse array of Geographic Information System (GIS) applications in crime analysis, from general issues such as GIS as a communication process, interjurisdictional mapping and data sharing to specific applications in tracking serial killers and predicting violence-prone zones. It supports readers in developing and implementing crime mapping techniques. The distribution of crime is explained with reference to theories of human ecology, transport network, built environment, housing markets, and forms of urban management, including policing. Concepts are supported with relevant case studies and real-time crime data to illustrate concepts and applications of crime mapping. Aimed at senior undergraduate, graduate students, professionals in GIS, Crime Analysis, Spatial Analysis, Ergonomics and human factors, this book: Provides an update of GIS applications for crime mapping studies Highlights growing potential of GIS for crime mapping, monitoring, and reduction through developing and implementing crime mapping techniques Covers Operational Research, Spatial Regression model, Point Analysis and so forth Builds models helpful in police patrolling, surveillance and crime mapping from a technology perspective Includes a dedicated section on case studies including exercises and data samples

The suggested book illustrates a geospatial and geostatistical approach to data analysis, modelling, risk assessment, and visualization, as well as surface and subsurface hydrological condition management solutions in many elements of water-induced hazards. This book investigates cutting-edge methodologies based on open source software and R statistical programming and modelling in current decision-making procedures, with a particular emphasis on recent advances in data mining techniques and robust modelling in water-induced hydrological hazard. This proposed book would assemble a collection of contemporary breakthroughs and rigorous uses of geospatial and geostatistical techniques, as well as their application in the field of surface and subsurface water-induced hazards. Soil conservation service-curve number (SCS-CN), machine learning algorithms (MLA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), multi influencing factor (MIF), principal component analysis (PCA), mann-kendall non parametric test, artificial neural networks (ANN), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms, and others are among the techniques covered. Its covers major topics such as: surface runoff and storage, Aquifer forms, aquifer size, and aquifer components, and their connection to the geological sequence, flow direction, storage, and hydraulic conductivity, present yield of the groundwater. Spatio-temporal variation of groundwater depth and its association with numerous physical parameter like Rainfall, NDVI, NDWI, Drainage density, Drainage frequency, Land use and land cover, numerous hydro-chemical facies such as Wilcox diagram, Donne's diagram, Gibb's mechanism will be incorporated to validate the different features of groundwater, present and potential groundwater conservation condition also be discussed on the basis of its continuous number of applications, groundwater quality, potential refilling experiments will be implemented utilizing different decision-making strategies and, eventually, potential maps for the efficient use of groundwater supplies will be planned etc. The topics of this book will be of value to earth and environmental scientists, experts, and authorities. This book will look at geospatial modelling and the management of surface and subsurface water resources. The world is rapidly running out of fresh water; severe water shortages have been reported in many parts of the world in recent years. The total amount of groundwater extracted has been gradually increasing globally, and unsustainable water stress has resulted in severe declines in groundwater levels in many locations. Groundwater resource exploitation has occurred at a rate that prevents the water table from recovering its losses. As a result, shallower aquifers dried up, river water levels dropped, and wells were dug continuously. Population participation in natural soil distribution and management is vital for future existence. Water is a critical common service, not a governmental asset. Recent and expected trends indicate that future water challenges will become more complex. The decline in the groundwater table has now become a critical issue in maintaining India's economic prosperity. As a result, assessing the danger of groundwater and effectively managing it in this critical situation is critical. A link between three technologies, including remote sensing (RS), GIS, and the R programming environment, is recognized to be particularly useful in this respect. However, this book will serve as a viable guidance to identify the most recent advancements in geospatial, geostatistical techniques and their application in the field of surface and subsurface water-induced hazards throughout the world.

This book describes concepts and tools needed for water resources management, including methods for modeling, simulation, optimization, big data analysis, data mining, remote sensing, geographical information system, game theory, conflict resolution, System dynamics, agent-based models, multiobjective, multicriteria, and multiattribute decision making and risk and uncertainty analysis, for better and sustainable management of water resources and consumption, thus mitigating the present and future global water shortage crisis. It presents the applications of these tools through case studies which demonstrate its benefits of proper management of water resources systems. This book acts as a reference for students, professors, industrial practitioners, and stakeholders in the field of water resources and hydrology.