History Of Functional Analysis

History of Functional Analysis presents functional analysis as a rather complex blend of algebra and topology, with its evolution influenced by the development of these two branches of mathematics. The book adopts a narrower definition—one that is assumed to satisfy various algebraic and topological conditions. A moment of reflections shows that this already covers a large part of modern analysis, in particular, the theory of partial differential equations. This volume comprises nine chapters, the first of which focuses on linear differential equations and the Sturm-Liouville problem. The succeeding chapters go on to discuss the ""crypto-integral"" equations, including the Dirichlet principle and the Beer-Neumann method; the equation of vibrating membranes, including the contributions of Poincare and H.A. Schwarz's 1885 paper; and the idea of infinite dimension. Other chapters cover the crucial years and the definition of Hilbert space, including Fredholm's discovery and the contributions of Hilbert; duality and the definition of normed spaces, including the Hahn-Banach theorem and the method of the gliding hump and Baire category; spectral theory after 1900, including the theories and works of F. Riesz, Hilbert, von Neumann, Weyl, and Carleman; locally convex spaces and the theory of distributions; and applications of functional analysis to differential and partial differential equations. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of mathematics and statistics.

Written by a distinguished specialist in functional analysis, this book presents a comprehensive treatment of the history of Banach spaces and (abstract bounded) linear operators. Banach space theory is presented as a part of a broad mathematics context, using tools from such areas as set theory, topology, algebra, combinatorics, probability theory, logic, etc. Equal emphasis is given to both spaces and operators. The book may serve as a reference for researchers and as an introduction for graduate students who want to learn Banach space theory with some historical flavor.

This textbook presents the principles of functional analysis in a clear and concise way. The first three chapters describe the general notions of distance, integral, and norm, as well as their relations. Fundamental examples are provided in the three chapters that follow: Lebesgue spaces, dual spaces, and Sobolev spaces. Two subsequent chapters develop applications to capacity theory and elliptic problems. In particular, the isoperimetric inequality and the Pólya-Szegő and Faber-Krahn inequalities are proved by purely functional methods. The epilogue contains a sketch of the history of functional analysis in relation to integration and differentiation. Starting from elementary analysis and introducing relevant research, this work is an excellent resource for students in mathematics and applied mathematics. The second edition of Functional Analysis includes several improvements as well as the addition of supplementary material. Specifically, the coverage of advanced calculus and distribution theory has been completely rewritten and expanded. New proofs, theorems, and applications have been added as well for readers to explore.

This book is based on lectures given at "Mekhmat", the Department of Mechanics and Mathematics at Moscow State University, one of the top mathematical departments worldwide, with a rich tradition of teaching functional analysis. Featuring an advanced course on real and functional analysis, the book presents not only core material traditionally included in university courses of different levels, but also a survey of the most important results of a more subtle nature, which cannot be considered basic but which are useful for applications. Further, it includes several hundred exercises of varying difficulty with tips and references. The book is intended for graduate and PhD students studying real and functional analysis as well as mathematicians and physicists whose research is related to functional analysis.

The first part of a self-contained, elementary textbook, combining linear functional analysis, nonlinear functional analysis, numerical functional analysis, and their substantial applications with each other. As such, the book addresses undergraduate students and beginning graduate students of mathematics, physics, and engineering who want to learn how functional analysis elegantly solves mathematical problems which relate to our real world. Applications concern ordinary and partial differential equations, the method of finite elements, integral equations, special functions, both the Schroedinger approach and the Feynman approach to quantum physics, and quantum statistics. As a prerequisite, readers should be familiar with some basic facts of calculus. The second part has been published under the title, Applied Functional Analysis: Main Principles and Their Applications.

The unifying approach of functional analysis is to view functions as points in abstract vector space and the differential and integral operators as linear transformations on these spaces. The author's goal is to present the basics of functional analysis in a way that makes them comprehensible to a student who has completed courses in linear algebra and real analysis, and to develop the topics in their historical contexts.

This book introduces functional analysis at an elementary level without assuming any background in real analysis, for example on metric spaces or Lebesgue integration. It focuses on concepts and methods relevant in applied contexts such as variational methods on Hilbert spaces, Neumann series, eigenvalue expansions for compact self-adjoint operators, weak differentiation and Sobolev spaces on intervals, and model applications to differential and integral equations. Beyond that, the final chapters on the uniform boundedness theorem, the open mapping theorem and the Hahn-Banach theorem provide a stepping-stone to more advanced texts. The exposition is clear and rigorous, featuring full and detailed proofs. Many examples illustrate the new notions and results. Each chapter concludes with a large collection of exercises, some of which are referred to in the margin of the text, tailor-made in order to guide the student digesting the new material. Optional sections and chapters supplement the mandatory parts and allow for modular teaching spanning from basic to honors track level.