How To Make A Deal In China A Guide For German Negotiators

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0 (A), Furtwangen University (Institute for Economics), course: Managing Cultural Diversities, language: English, abstract: Since the opening of the People′s Republic of China in 19781, China has become a more and more important business partner for Germany. Today China is the second biggest Asian trade partner of Germany. In the year 2000 the trade between China and Germany increased by 34 %.2 That is why more and more managers from Germany go to China for business negotiations. "Global managers spend more than 50 percent of their time negotiating."3 In this paper I am going to explain the differences how negotiations are conducted in China and Germany and what German managers involved in cross-cultural negotiations with the Chinese should bear in mind in order to avoid conflicts and misunderstandings. I assume that both, the Chinese and the Germans have not been trained in intercultural management before joining the negotiation. Fons Trompenaars describes the German culture as universalistic, collectivistic, diffuse and achievement-oriented, whereas he characterizes the Chinese culture as particularistic, collectivistic, very diffuse and ascriptive. In this paper I will divide the negotiation process into three stages and explain the cultural dimensions involved. [...] _____ 1 Chinanah, www.chinanah.com/forument001.htm 2 Bundeswirtschaftsministerium, www.wirtschaftsministerium.de 3 Adler, Nancy, p. 191

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0 (B), Furtwangen University (Institute for Economics), course: Managing Cultural Differences, 9 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Good negotiation skills are very important when doing business with people from other cultures. People from different cultures have different expectations about negotiation outcomes and therefore use different negotiation styles. If you compare negotiation styles in Germany and China you will discover many differences. Most of these differences are due to the very different cultures of Germany on the one side and China on the other side. This paper analyzes possible steps in a negotiation between Germans and Chinese. It also gives some guidelines on how to avoid possible conflicts during such negotiations.

Pt. 1. International negotiations. -- Pt. 2. Negotiation techniques used around the world. -- Pt. 3. Negotiate right in any of 50 countries.

Examines the process of negotiating with the Chinese, using historical examples and analyses of cases from 1953 to the present. The author debunks the myth of legendary Chinese patience, assesses American reaction to negotiating with the Chinese, and analyzes the Chinese approach to negotiations. He reveals the elements of continuity in Chinese behavior that surfaced during talks with the U.S. as early as 1949. 10 photos. Bibliography. Index.

Extremely useful to newcomers and old china hands alike, this Chinese business guide explains how Chinese history and classical literature play a huge role in negotiating in China. Negotiating a deal in China requires patience—a well–known Confucian virtue; persistence—something which comes with time; and survival instincts—something that comes with persistence. For both the uninitiated, negotiations in China may come as a culture shock, laced with frustration. For the experience China trade negotiator, it is a never–ending learning process. For both parties, the secret to negotiating in China may well lie in the knowledge of the military ploys described in China's ancient classics. In The Art of the Deal in China, author Laurence J. Brahm applies Sun Tzu's Art of War, the ultimate guru's statement of military strategy and the Thirty–six Strategies, a collection of sayings which capsulize strategic prowess in ancient Chinese history, to modern–day negotiating situations in China, both commercial and political. The stories in the book, all based on actual happenings, will not only amuse but will provide hope to many foreigners engaged in the often drawn –out and frustrating process of negotiating a deal in China.

Today People’s Republic of China is emerging as one of the major global economies. But a lot of negotiations between German and Chinese businessmen have failed in China because German entrepreneurs have not been sufficiently prepared for the different cultural peculiarities of negotiations with Chinese business partners. This dissertation will analyse the cultural peculiarities of negotiations with Chinese business partners. Different theories about culture, communication and negotiations and their interactions are examined. The researcher will analyse differences between the German and Chinese business culture including the values influencing the German and Chinese business behaviour and communication style. A comparison of the German culture and negotiation skills with the Chinese culture and negotiation skills will be drawn. Prerequisites to commitment in China will be investigated and the Chinese framework of communication will be identified. Furthermore the Chinese bargaining and negotiation tactics as well as the purpose and format of Chinese negotiations will be discovered and the importance of “guanxi” and “mianxi” and their effects on business behaviour will be identified. The researcher will also advance the hypothesis that China has faced and will face the influence of materialism as a force undermining traditional values. To prove this hypothesis, she will analyse potential factors and forces that influence Chinese culture and with it the negotiations with Chinese business partners.

Foreword by Henry Kissinger In this groundbreaking, definitive guide to the art of negotiation, three Harvard professors—all experienced negotiators—offer a comprehensive examination of one of the most successful dealmakers of all time. Politicians, world leaders, and business executives around the world—including every President from John F. Kennedy to Donald J. Trump—have sought the counsel of Henry Kissinger, a brilliant diplomat and historian whose unprecedented achievements as a negotiator have been universally acknowledged. Now, for the first time, Kissinger the Negotiator provides a clear analysis of Kissinger’s overall approach to making deals and resolving conflicts—expertise that holds powerful and enduring lessons. James K. Sebenius (Harvard Business School), R. Nicholas Burns (Harvard Kennedy School of Government), and Robert H. Mnookin (Harvard Law School) crystallize the key elements of Kissinger’s approach, based on in-depth interviews with the former secretary of state himself about some of his most difficult negotiations, an extensive study of his record, and many independent sources. Taut and instructive, Kissinger the Negotiator mines the long and fruitful career of this elder statesman and shows how his strategies apply not only to contemporary diplomatic challenges but also to other realms of negotiation, including business, public policy, and law. Essential reading for current and future leaders, Kissinger the Negotiator is an invaluable guide to reaching agreements in challenging situations.

Provides an understanding about the impact of culture and communication on international business negotiations. This work explores the problems faced by Western managers while doing business abroad and offers guidelines for international business negotiations. It also focuses on an important aspect of international business: negotiations.