Iron Phosphate Materials As Cathodes For Lithium Batteries

Iron Phosphate Materials as Cathodes for Lithium Batteries describes the synthesis and the chemical–physical characteristics of iron phosphates, and presents methods of making LiFePO4 a suitable cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. The author studies carbon’s ability to increase conductivity and to decrease material grain size, as well as investigating the electrochemical behaviour of the materials obtained. Iron Phosphate Materials as Cathodes for Lithium Batteries also proposes a model to explain lithium insertion/extraction in LiFePO4 and to predict voltage profiles at various discharge rates. Iron Phosphate Materials as Cathodes for Lithium Batteries is written for postgraduate students and researchers in electrochemistry, R&D professionals and experts in electrochemical storage.

Since the first development of lithium-ion batteries in the early 1990’s, there have been tremendous advances in the science and technology of these electrochemical energy sources. At present, lithium batteries dominate the field of advanced power sources and have almost entirely replaced their bulkier and less energetic counterparts such as nickel-cadmium and nickel-metalhydride batteries; especially in portable electronic devices. But lithium batteries are still the object of continuing intense research aimed at making further improvements in performance and safety, at lower cost, so as to make them suitable for higher-power and more demanding applications such as electric vehicles. The research and development of new electrode materials, particularly for cathodes, having an improved electrochemical performance has always been a matter of changing focus. Thus, olivine, lithium iron phosphate, has attracted considerable attention in recent years as a safe, environmentally friendly, extremely stable and very promising cathode material.

This book summarizes recent findings on the use of new nanostructured materials for biofuels, batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, supercapacitors and health biosensors. Chapters describe principles and how to choose a nanomaterial for specific applications in energy, environment and medicine.

In this book, modeling and simulation of electric vehicles and their components have been emphasized chapter by chapter with valuable contribution of many researchers who work on both technical and regulatory sides of the field. Mathematical models for electrical vehicles and their components were introduced and merged together to make this book a guide for industry, academia and policy makers.

A lithium-ion battery comprises essentially three components: two intercalation compounds as positive and negative electrodes, separated by an ionic-electronic electrolyte. Each component is discussed in sufficient detail to give the practising engineer an understanding of the subject, providing guidance on the selection of suitable materials in actual applications. Each topic covered is written by an expert, reflecting many years of experience in research and applications. Each topic is provided with an extensive list of references, allowing easy access to further information. Readership: Research students and engineers seeking an expert review. Graduate courses in electrical drives can also be designed around the book by selecting sections for discussion. The coverage and treatment make the book indispensable for the lithium battery community.

The expanding market share of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), driven by the secondary battery and electric vehicle markets, has consequently led to the accumulation of spent LIBs. This presents a unique business opportunity for recovering and recycling valuable metals from the spent lithium-ion cathode materials. Hydrometallurgical Recycling of Lithium-Ion Battery Materials provides a comprehensive review of the available hydrometallurgical technologies for recycling spent lithium-ion cathode active materials. The aim of this book is to raise awareness of LIB recycling, provide comprehensive knowledge of hydrometallurgical recycling of lithium cathode active materials, and promote an environmentally friendlier hydrometallurgical recycling process. Key Features • Summarizes current recycling processes, challenges, and perspectives • Offers a comprehensive review of current commercialized LIB recycling companies • Showcases an innovative closed-loop hydrometallurgical recycling process to recycle lithium cathode materials • Provides detailed modeling and economic analyses of several hydrometallurgical recycling processes • Features practical cases and data developed by the authors Offering the most up-to-date information on LIB material recycling, this book is aimed at researchers and professionals in materials, chemical, electrical, and mechanical engineering, as well as chemists working on battery technologies.

Composite materials, often shortened to composites, are engineered or naturally occurring materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the macroscopic or microscopic scale within the finished structure. The aim of this book is to provide comprehensive reference and text on composite materials and structures. This book will cover aspects of design, production, manufacturing, exploitation and maintenance of composite materials. The scope of the book covers scientific, technological and practical concepts concerning research, development and realization of composites.