Logic And Information Flow

Information is a central topic in computer science, cognitive science and philosophy. Drawing on ideas from these subjects, this book addresses the definition and place of information in society.

The logic of information flow has applications in both computer science and natural language processing and is a growing area within mathematical and philosophical logic.

A collection of papers proposing, developing, and implementing logical IR models. After an introductory chapter on non-classical logic as the appropriate formalism with which to build IR models, papers are divided into groups on three approaches: logical models, uncertainty models, and meta-models. Topics include preferential models of query by navigation, a logic for multimedia information retrieval, logical imaging and probabilistic information retrieval, and an axiomatic aboutness theory for information retrieval. Can be used as a text for a graduate course on information retrieval or database systems, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

This book is conceived as an introductory text into the theory of syntactic and semantic information, and information flow. Syntactic information theory is concerned with the information contained in the very fact that some signal has a non-random structure. Semantic information theory is concerned with the meaning or information content of messages and the like. The theory of information flow is concerned with deriving some piece of information from another. The main part will take us to situation semantics as a foundation of modern approaches in information theory. We give a brief overview of the background theory and then explain the concepts of information, information architecture and information flow from that perspective.

This book illustrates the program of Logical-Informational Dynamics. Rational agents exploit the information available in the world in delicate ways, adopt a wide range of epistemic attitudes, and in that process, constantly change the world itself. Logical-Informational Dynamics is about logical systems putting such activities at center stage, focusing on the events by which we acquire information and change attitudes. Its contributions show many current logics of information and change at work, often in multi-agent settings where social behavior is essential, and often stressing Johan van Benthem's pioneering work in establishing this program. However, this is not a Festschrift, but a rich tapestry for a field with a wealth of strands of its own. The reader will see the state of the art in such topics as information update, belief change, preference, learning over time, and strategic interaction in games. Moreover, no tight boundary has been enforced, and some chapters add more general mathematical or philosophical foundations or links to current trends in computer science. The theme of this book lies at the interface of many disciplines. Logic is the main methodology, but the various chapters cross easily between mathematics, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive and social sciences, while also ranging from pure theory to empirical work. Accordingly, the authors of this book represent a wide variety of original thinkers from different research communities. And their interconnected themes challenge at the same time how we think of logic, philosophy and computation. Thus, very much in line with van Benthem's work over many decades, the volume shows how all these disciplines form a natural unity in the perspective of dynamic logicians (broadly conceived) exploring their new themes today. And at the same time, in doing so, it offers a broader conception of logic with a certain grandeur, moving its horizons beyond the traditional study of consequence relations.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Logic-Based Program Synthesis and Transformation, LOPSTR 2013, held in Madrid, Spain, in September 2013. The 13 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. LOPSTR traditionally solicits papers in the areas of specification, synthesis, verification, transformation, analysis, optimization, composition, security, reuse, applications and tools, component-based software development, software architectures, agent-based software development, and program refinement.

ICICS 2003, the Fifth International Conference on Information and C- munication Security, was held in Huhehaote city, Inner Mongolia, China, 10–13 October 2003. Among the preceding conferences, ICICS’97 was held in B- jing, China, ICICS’99 in Sydney, Australia, ICICS 2001 in Xi’an, China, and ICICS 2002,in Singapore.TheproceedingswerereleasedasVolumes1334,1726, 2229, and 2513 of the LNCS series of Springer-Verlag, respectively. ICICS 2003 was sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the China Computer F- eration. The conference was organized by the Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ERCIST, CAS) in co-operation with the International Communications and Information Security Association (ICISA). The aim of the ICICS conferences has been to o?er the attendees the - portunity to discuss the state-of-the-art technology in theoretical and practical aspects of information and communications security. The response to the Call forPaperswassurprising.WhenwewerepreparingtheconferencebetweenApril and May, China, including the conference venue, Huhehaote City, was ?ghting against SARS. Despite this 176 papers were submitted to the conference from 22 countries and regions, and after a competitive selection process, 37 papers from 14 countries and regions were accepted to appear in the proceedings and be presented at ICICS 2003. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all those who submitted papers to ICICS 2003 for their valued contribution to the conference.