Materials Development For Active Passive Components Of A Supercapacitor

This brief deals with various forms of supercapacitors starting from traditional carbon based supercapacitors to advanced next generation hybrid supercapacitors. The primary focus is to investigate the successive evolution in the core components of a typical supercapacitor which will bring significant observations regarding their feasibility and overall impact on the charge storage capacity so as to reach at par with the current battery technology. The authors present a critical review of the current collectors, electrode materials and electrolytic components which have distinctive impact on both the power and energy density of a supercapacitor. Emerging trends in the fabrication of hybrid supercapacitor technology bring together the exceptional power density of a double layer capacitor and energy density of a rechargeable battery, which promises a brighter future for the electrical energy storage system.

Supercapacitors are a relatively new energy storage system that provides higher energy density than dielectric capacitors and higher power density than batteries. They are particularly suited to applications that require energy pulses during short periods of time, e.g., seconds or tens of seconds. They are recommended for automobiles, tramways, buses, cranes, fork-lifts, wind turbines, electricity load leveling in stationary and transportation systems, etc. Despite the technological maturity of supercapacitors, there is a lack of comprehensive literature on the topic. Many high performance materials have been developed and new scientific concepts have been introduced. Taking into account the commercial interest in these systems and the new scientific and technological developments now is the ideal time to publish this book, capturing all this new knowledge. The book starts by giving an introduction to the general principles of electrochemistry, the properties of electrochemical capacitors, and electrochemical characterization techniques. Electrical double layer capacitors and pseudocapacitors are then discussed, followed by the various electrolyte systems. Modelling, manufacture of industrial capacitors, constraints, testing, and reliability as well as applications are also covered. 'Supercapacitors - Materials, Systems, and Applications' is part of the series on Materials for Sustainable Energy and Development edited by Prof. G.Q. Max Lu. The series covers advances in materials science and innovation for renewable energy, clean use of fossil energy, and greenhouse gas mitigation and associated environmental technologies.

The book provides an introduction to nanostructured materials and guides the reader through their different engineering applications. It gives an overview of nanostructured materials applied in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and materials science. Materials for different applications in engineering such as those used in opto-electronics, energy, tribology, bio-applications, catalysis, reinforcement and many more have been described in this book. The book will be of interest to researchers and students who want to learn about applications of nanostructured materials in engineering.

This book covers the selection of nanocomposite supercapacitor materials. It describes the most important criteria behind the selection of materials for the electrode, electrolytes, separator and current collectors, which comprise the key components of supercapacitors for advanced energy storage. It discusses the influence on each material on the unique electrochemical properties of nanocomposite supercapacitors with respect to their energy storage mechanism and stability under extreme and unpredictable conditions. This book is part of the Handbook of Nanocomposite Supercapacitor Materials. Supercapacitors have emerged as promising devices for electrochemical energy storage, playing an important role in energy harvesting for meeting the current demands of increasing global energy consumption. The handbook covers the materials science and engineering of nanocomposite supercapacitors, ranging from their general characteristics and performance to materials selection, design and construction. Covering both fundamentals and recent developments, this handbook serves a readership encompassing students, professionals and researchers throughout academia and industry, particularly in the fields of materials chemistry, electrochemistry, and energy storage and conversion. It is ideal as a reference work and primary resource for any introductory senior-level undergraduate or beginning graduate course covering supercapacitors.

Sustainable Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors The book highlights the properties of sustainable materials for the production of commercial electrochemical capacitors. Sustainable Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors details the progress in the usage of ubiquitous environmentally sustainable materials. Due to their cost effectiveness, flexible forms, frequent accessibility, and environmentally friendly nature, electrochemical capacitors with significant surface areas of their carbon components are quite common. Many novel ways for using bio-derived components in highly efficient electrochemical capacitors are being established as a consequence of current research, and this book provides details of all these developments. The book provides: A broad overview of properties explored for the development of electrochemical capacitors; Introduces potential applications of electrochemical capacitors; Highlights sustainable materials exploited for the production of electrochemical capacitors; Presents commercial potential of electrochemical capacitors. Audience This is a useful guide for engineers, materials scientists, physicists, and innovators, who are linked to the development and applications of electrochemical capacitors.

This book guides beginners in the areas of thin film preparation, characterization, and device making, while providing insight into these areas for experts. As chemically deposited metal oxides are currently gaining attention in development of devices such as solar cells, supercapacitors, batteries, sensors, etc., the book illustrates how the chemical deposition route is emerging as a relatively inexpensive, simple, and convenient solution for large area deposition. The advancement in the nanostructured materials for the development of devices is fully discussed.

This book discusses the instrumentation of supercapacitors, various measurement procedures and the techniques used for the performance evaluation, to help determine the appropriate methodology for the evaluation of a supercapacitor device and also to identify the inconsistencies between the device performance and electrode material properties. As a promising energy storage option, supercapacitors need to be readied for commercialization rather than confined within the niche of academic research. This book also assists in the formulation of strict performance guidelines aided by realistic evaluation techniques, so that these devices can be made available to society through industrial production. As such it is an important read not only for academicians and researchers, but also for industry and policymakers.

BIOMASS-BASED SUPERCAPACITORS Authoritative resource addressing the fundamentals, design, manufacturing, and industrial applications of supercapacitors based on biomass Biomass-Based Supercapacitors presents a systematic overview and recent developments in the research, design, and fabrication of supercapacitors using biomass, discussing fundamentals, advancements, industrial applications, and the manufacturing process of biomass-derived supercapacitors. The text also considers environmental and economic aspects of the technology, along with biomass-based supercapacitors in the context of circular economy. Written by a team of international experts in the field of supercapacitors, Biomass-Based Supercapacitors covers sample topics such as: Basic foundational knowledge surrounding supercapacitors, electrochemical techniques for supercapacitors, and different types of supercapacitors Biomass derived electrode materials for supercapacitors, such as activated and non-activated carbon, carbon from pretreated biomass, carbonate salts-activated carbon, and more Electrolytes, separators, and packaging materials for supercapacitors using biomass and binding materials from biomass for supercapacitors Future outlooks and challenges for the development of biomass-based supercapacitors, from the lab to practical applications in industry Biomass-Based Supercapacitors is an excellent resource for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in the areas of supercapacitor fabrication, energy materials and energy storage devices, electrochemistry, materials science, biomass conversion, green chemistry, and sustainability.