Methodological Approaches For Sleep And Vigilance Research

Methodological Approaches for Sleep and Vigilance Research examines experimental procedures used to study the sleep-wake cycle, with topics covered by world leaders in the field. The book focuses on techniques commonly used in the sleep field, including polysomnography, electrophysiology, single- and multi-unit spiking activity recording, brain stimulation, EEG power spectra, optogenetics, telemetry, and wearable and non-wearable tracking devices. Further chapters on imaging techniques, questionnaires for sleep assessment, genome-wide association studies, artificial intelligence and big data are also featured. This discussion of significant conceptual advances into experimental procedures is suitable for anyone interested in the neurobiology of sleep. Discusses current sleep research methodologies for experienced scientists Focuses on techniques that allow measurement or assessment for the sleep-wake cycle Outlines mainstream research techniques and experimental characteristics of their uses Includes polysomnography, deep brain stimulation, and more Reviews sleep-tracking devices, EEG and telemetry Covers artificial intelligence and big data in analysis

This issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics focuses on Sleep in Older Adults, with topics including: Sleep in Normal Aging; Insomnia in the Older Adult; Sleep Apnea in the Older Adult; Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders in the Older Adult; Restless Legs Syndrome; Periodic Limb Movement Disorder and Other Sleep Related Movement Disorders in the Older Adult; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Other Parasomnias in the Older Adult; Neurodegenerative Disorders and Sleep; Medical Conditions and Sleep in the Older Adult; Psychiatric Illness and Sleep in the Older Adult; Sleep and Cognition in the Older Adult; Sleep and Nocturia in the Older Adult; Sleep and Long Term Care; and Sleep in the Hospitalized Older Adult.

The idea of placebo-controlled drug trials and the advent of test statistics during the first part of this century were the major milestones in the establishment of a convincing methodology for demonstrating the efficacy of treatments. The first tricyclic and neuroleptic drugs were tested for their efficacy in psychiatric disorders along the lines of these methodological developments, but subsequent trials with psychotropic drugs did not adhere to these principles to the same extent because it became difficult to justify placebo-controlled trials once effective treatments had been established. Consequently, the second generation of an tidepressants and neuroleptics (since the early 1960s) were mainly tested, in Europe at least, in samples of patients using trials controlled by standard treatment only, and the methodological basis of these second generation trials became fragile, as will be demonstrated by several papers in this book. This development did not provoke much discussion until recently, when scientific and administrative interest in the methodology of the evaluation of psychotropic drugs increased substantially. A series of factors contribute to the growing interest in the standards of psychotropic drug trials: 1. The proportion of psychiatric patients resistant to treatment is growing; the efficacy of well-established forms of treatment therefore seems to be limited. 2. A series of psychotropic drugs were withdrawn from the market, mainly because they caused serious side effects. The efficacy and safety ofthese drugs had previously been demonstrated in drug trials, which raised the question whether the drug trials carried out were well-designed.

Exploring the wide array of structures, substances, and environments that are primary factors in the initiation or inhibition of sleep, this reference highlights key findings from respected professionals around the globe on the social and economic burden of impaired performance, productivity, and safety arising from sleep deprivation-studying pharm

Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€"sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems.

This book covers novel approaches using networks and oscillations and it will serve as a catalyst for translating these exciting advancements into the clinical arena. This collection of articles aims to accelerate the widespread clinical translation of network approaches by providing practical information accessible to clinicians in neurology and psychiatry - fields that are uniquely poised to implement these developments in clinical treatment of brain diseases. It should be a useful resource for researchers and clinicians in neurology and psychiatry.