Neurogenic Inflammation

This volume is intended to bring together recent advances in the often separate fields of pain and neurogenic inflammation. To this end, eminent researchers from both domains have contributed in-depth discussion of the mechanisms underlying these processes. Individual chapters focus on important recent discoveries such as the cloning of the capsaicin receptor and the discovery of RAMP proteins for CGRP receptors. This book provides an integrated account of recent advances in the fields of pain and neurogenic inflammation. The volume is intended to bring together studies from eminent researchers in the often separate research fields of pain and inflammation. "Pain and Neurogenic Inflammation" is aimed primarily at postgraduate researchers as well as academic and industrial researchers in pain and inflammation but is also likely to be of interest to undergraduate students seeking a firm grounding in the mechanisms underlying these important clinical conditions.

Morphological and functional studies revealed a complex system of primary sensory neurons that parallels the autonomic nervous system not only in its extent, but probably also in its significance. Neuropeptides released from activated nociceptive afferent nerves play a pivotal role in inflammatory reactions and pain, significantly modulate cardiac, vascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and immune functions and influence the protective, restorative and trophic functions of somatic and visceral tissues. Several chapters of the book deal with the therapeutic potential of a new class of putative pain relieving agents acting through TRPV1, the capsaicin/vanilloid receptor, a specific ion channel that transmits pain. Neurogenic inflammation in historical perspective Cardiac protection by nociceptive afferents Molecular mechanisms of nociception Sensory mechanisms in migraine pathophysiology Vagal signaling of visceral inflammation Neurogenic mechanisms in arthritis Therapeutic implications of vanilloid-type compounds

Take advantage of this unique book - the first single-volume resource to explore all important aspects of neurogenic inflammation. An unrivaled compilation of up-to-date information, Neurogenic Inflammation contains chapters written by recognized authorities in their areas of expertise. It covers the basic mechanisms and the pathophysiological implications of neurogenic inflammatory processes and points to novel therapeutic strategies in the field of inflammatory and related diseases. The book highlights the many systems and mechanisms involved in neurogenic inflammation, including vasodilatation, plasma extravasation, leukocyte adhesion, smooth muscle contraction, exocrine gland secretion, and recruitment of inflammatory cells. The authors discuss the contribution of neurogenic inflammation to human diseases, such as migraine, asthma, arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease, linked to the ubiquitous distribution of sensory nerves to organs and tissues at both the somatic and visceral level. Neurogenic Inflammation is the clear choice for a one-step, authoritative guide to the latest developments in this dynamic field.

The potential involvement of neurogenic inflammation in the pathogenesis of the migraine headache and the inhibition of this mechanism as a possible mode of action of antimigraine medications are discussed in great depth in this volume. The topics are approached from a pathophysiological as well as a clinical experimental perspective by a renowned group of clinicians and scientists who carefully consider the current, future, and potential therapeutic approaches to migraine treatment. The first chapters of the book address the impact of migraine on a personal and societal level, the presentation, pathogenesis and treatment of migraine as well as the role of neurogenic inflammation. Subsequent chapters present models of neurogenic inflammation related to the pathogenesis of the migraine headache, focussing on the mediators and their receptors, as well as on the involvement of mast cells. The possibility of inhibition of neurogenic inflammation in abortive and preventive migraine treatment is also extensively discussed and a chapter on the question of whether migraine is a neuroinflammatory disease concludes this comprehensive analysis. Clinicians and scientists interested in inflammation from a physiological or pharmacological perspective and those interested in the pathogenesis of headache - migraine in particular - are the intended audience for this unique body of work.

The partition of fluid between the vascular and interstitial compartments is regulated by forces (hydrostatic and oncotic) operating across the microvascular walls and the surface areas of permeable structures comprising the endothelial barrier to fluid and solute exchange, as well as within the extracellular matrix and lymphatics. In addition to its role in the regulation of vascular volume, transcapillary fluid filtration also allows for continuous turnover of water bathing tissue cells, providing the medium for diffusional flux of oxygen and nutrients required for cellular metabolism and removal of metabolic byproducts. Transendothelial volume flow has also been shown to influence vascular smooth muscle tone in arterioles, hydraulic conductivity in capillaries, and neutrophil transmigration across postcapillary venules, while the flow of this filtrate through the interstitial spaces functions to modify the activities of parenchymal, resident tissue, and metastasizing tumor cells. Likewise, the flow of lymph, which is driven by capillary filtration, is important for the transport of immune and tumor cells, antigen delivery to lymph nodes, and for return of filtered fluid and extravasated proteins to the blood. Given this background, the aims of this treatise are to summarize our current understanding of the factors involved in the regulation of transcapillary fluid movement, how fluid movements across the endothelial barrier and through the interstitium and lymphatic vessels influence cell function and behavior, and the pathophysiology of edema formation. Table of Contents: Fluid Movement Across the Endothelial Barrier / The Interstitium / The Lymphatic Vasculature / Pathophysiology of Edema Formation

The book takes a novel approach to the subject of pain in peripheral nerve disease by bringing together basic scientists and clinicians with an expertise in the field of neuropathic pain. For the first time, the description of clinically relevant diseases, an up-to-date review of the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain and a comprehensive review of therapeutic options are combined in one book. Furthermore, the anatomy and pathology of peripheral nerve is outlined in the context of neuropathic pain. Peripheral nerve disorders causing pain, the mononeuropathies and polyneuropathies are described in detail including up-to-date summaries of pathogenesis and treatment. Two chapters elucidate the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain, one looking at causes in the periphery and one covering central mechanisms. Treatment options are outlined according to current knowledge from evidence-based medicine and a state-of-the-art treatment algorithm is given to facilitate practical management. Clinicians, neurologists and neurologists in training and basic scientists who are interested in pain will profit most from this book. Painful neuropathies are frequently encountered in clinical practice and are difficult to manage. The book helps to better understand and treat those conditions.

This book contains reviews by a renowned group of clinicians and scientists, which consider in great depth the potential involvement of neurogenic inflammation in the pathogenesis of migraine and inhibition of this putative mechanism as a possible mode of action of antimigraine medications. The authors carefully consider current and future potential therapeutic approaches for the abortive as well as preventive treatment of migraine. The pioneering work by Professor Michael A. Moskowitz's group at Harvard gave rise to the "neurogenic hypothesis" of migraine pathogenesis and to an intel lectual framework for many aspects of migraine research through a detailed phar macological characterization of the trigeminovascular system. This knowledge then spurred detailed research worldwide into the roles of the dural vasculature, trigem inal nerve fibers, and sensory neuropeptides, such as substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide, in migraine. Similar in-depth investigations have not been made of the role of the seventh cranial parasympathetic nerves but this area war rants further study because of its potential for interactions with the trigeminovas cular system and its clear involvement in cluster headache."