On Complementarity

How the ubiquitous human tendency to polarize—either~or, nature~nurture, body~mind, yin~yang—can be explained in terms of coordination dynamics, a new conception of brain function, and how such polar opposites can be reconciled.

"Contributors explore the "complementarity" of women and men--that women and men are equal and different--as underpinned by Catholic theology and expressed in philosophy, theology, psychology, and art"--

This addition to the ISOR series introduces complementarity models in a straightforward and approachable manner and uses them to carry out an in-depth analysis of energy markets, including formulation issues and solution techniques. In a nutshell, complementarity models generalize: a. optimization problems via their Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions b. on-cooperative games in which each player may be solving a separate but related optimization problem with potentially overall system constraints (e.g., market-clearing conditions) c. conomic and engineering problems that aren’t specifically derived from optimization problems (e.g., spatial price equilibria) d. roblems in which both primal and dual variables (prices) appear in the original formulation (e.g., The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) or its precursor, PIES). As such, complementarity models are a very general and flexible modeling format. A natural question is why concentrate on energy markets for this complementarity approach? s it turns out, energy or other markets that have game theoretic aspects are best modeled by complementarity problems. The reason is that the traditional perfect competition approach no longer applies due to deregulation and restructuring of these markets and thus the corresponding optimization problems may no longer hold. Also, in some instances it is important in the original model formulation to involve both primal variables (e.g., production) as well as dual variables (e.g., market prices) for public and private sector energy planning. Traditional optimization problems can not directly handle this mixing of primal and dual variables but complementarity models can and this makes them all that more effective for decision-makers.

Philosophy has strayed away from its main task of clarifying proprieties of pursuits in human- life and has got caught up in methodology, logic and Linguistics. Too much hair-splitting is done about truth, knowledge, reality and language. Our main concerns should be Duty, Beauty, Piety and Complementarity. Substantial factors of fortuity and self-earned conditions are simply not considered in political philosophy. Equality is too problematic to take it as an ethical principle. Justice is being over-emphasized than Non-violence and Prosperity (almost in vain). The disaster of scientific socialism had its roots in Marxian theory itself. Antagonistic radicalisms including radical feminism are deepening the problems than solving them. Scientism (Materialist reductionism) is under-cutting the very sense of Responsibility! Existentialist and Post-Modernist traditions are leading to nowhere and only generating despair and sense of meaninglessness. Deep-Ecology is becoming Anthropo-phobic and blocking Human progress. Religious dogmatisms and fundamentalisms cannot be fought with by merely refuting truth-claims of their beliefs. A ‘non-supernatural’ spirituology will have to earn ‘therapeutic’ success over the clutches of religions. Any pair of required factors ‘competing as well as complementary’ is a dialectical pair. Their balance has to be finely tuned and wisdom lies precisely there. One-sided thinking often destroys the balance and intensifies Evils. There is an eminent possibility of convergence towards universal humanist ethic and scope for common minimum program in spite of multitude of ethics. In short, there is a possibility of a constructive, ameliorative and reconciliatory path for humanity at this juncture of human history.

It is not uncommon for the Principle of Complementarity to be invoked in either Science or Philosophy, viz. the ancient oriental philosophy of Yin and Yang whose symbolic representation is portrayed on the cover of the book. Or Niels Bohr's use of it as the basis for the so-called Copenhagen interpretation of Quantum Mechanics. This book arose as an outgrowth of the author's previous book entitled 'Knots, Braids and Moebius Strips,' published by World Scientific in 2015, wherein the Principle itself was discovered to be expressible as a simple 2x2 matrix that summarizes the algebraic essence of both the well-known Microbiology of DNA and the author's version of the elementary particles of physics. At that point, the possibility of an even wider utilization of that expression of Complementarity arose.The current book, features Complementarity, in which the matrix algebra is extended to characterize not only DNA itself but the well-known process of its replication, a most gratifying outcome. The book then goes on to explore Complementarity, with and without its matrix expression, as it occurs, not only in much of physics but in its extension to cosmology as well.

To improve the efficiency, accuracy, and intelligence of target detection and recognition, multi-sensor information fusion technology has broad application prospects in many aspects. Compared with single sensor, multi-sensor data contains more target information and effective fusion of multi-source information can improve the accuracy of target recognition. However, the recognition capabilities of different sensors are different during target recognition, and the complementarity between sensors needs to be analyzed during information fusion. This paper proposes a multi-sensor fusion recognition method based on complementarity analysis and neutrosophic set. The proposed method mainly has two parts: complementarity analysis and data fusion. Complementarity analysis applies the trained multi-sensor to extract the features of the verification set into the sensor, and obtain the recognition result of the verification set. Based on recognition result, the multi-sensor complementarity vector is obtained. Then the sensor output the recognition probability and the complementarity vector are used to generate multiple neutrosophic sets. Next, the generated neutrosophic sets are merged within the group through the simplified neutrosophic weighted average (SNWA) operator. Finally, the neutrosophic set is converted into crisp number, and the maximum value is the recognition result. The practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper are demonstrated through examples.

This book offers a discussion of Niels Bohr’s conception of “complementarity,” arguably his greatest contribution to physics and philosophy. By tracing Bohr’s work from his 1913 atomic theory to the introduction and then refinement of the idea of complementarity, and by explicating different meanings of “complementarity” in Bohr and the relationships between it and Bohr’s other concepts, the book aims to offer a contained and accessible, and yet sufficiently comprehensive account of Bohr’s work on complementarity and its significance.

Critically explores the International Criminal Court's evolution and the domestic effects of its interventions in three African countries.