Pathogenesis Of Idiopathic Scoliosis

This book provides comprehensive coverage of current topics in idiopathic scoliosis (IS). A three-dimensional deformity of the spine, the condition is characterized by lateral curvature combined with vertebral rotation. The primary lesion, however, lies in the median sagittal plane, taking the form of a lordosis. Although the clinical manifestations of scoliosis have been well documented, its cause and pathogenesis have not yet been determined. Research into what causes IS has focused on the structural elements of the spine, spinal musculature, collagenous structures, the endocrine system, the central nervous system, and genetics. Results of these studies have brought about a new perception of IS epiphenomena, but the main cause of IS remains unknown. Recently, several investigators have produced new hypotheses regarding the cause of IS using the developing techniques of genetics, biochemistry, and neurology. This book is a review of the various causative factors thus far proposed for IS and an introduction to the directions in which research is heading to determine the primary cause of IS.

Developmental genetic studies of the spine and linkage and family-based association studies have led to recent advances in understanding the genetic etiology of idiopathic, neuromuscular, and congenital forms of scoliosis. The book is written by leaders in genetic and developmental research on scoliosis and developmental studies of the spine.

Based on over a decade of research and observation conducted by the members of the Harms Study Group and other spinal deformity experts from around the world, this must-have clinical reference provides focused coverage of the most current evaluation and treatment guidelines for idiopathic scoliosis. It draws on case studies to guide readers through specific surgical and nonoperative approaches to the multiple types of adolescent idiopathic spinal deformity, including practical information on the rationale for each approach, techniques, and results. Features: In-depth information culled from vast clinical data of world-renowned experts in the Harms Study Group Curve assessment and treatment recommendations listed by curve type and pattern - Comprehensive discussion of pathogenesis and epidemiology, osteobiologics for spinal fusion, anesthesia for scoliosis surgery, surgical complications, and more Chapters on key treatment decisions, such as the selection of fusion levels, that teach readers how to critically address clinical questions More than 600 high-quality illustrations, including numerous full-color clinical photographs, detailed line drawings, and complementary high-resolution radiographs This state-of-the-art text is ideal for orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, and spine fellows, and is an invaluable companion for any practitioner involved in the surgical and nonsurgical care of patients with spinal deformity.

This book outlines knowledge and hypotheses of the causation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). It begins with Sevastik and Stokes addressing terminology. It includes the epidemiology and demography of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, the role of genetic factors, hypothesis of causation, osteopenia, Hueter-Votkmann effect, and the role of the intervertebral disc. It analyzes the structure and composition of the cartilage end plate and intervertebral disc, the significance of the sternum, the thoracospinal concept of etiopathogenesis of adolescent scoliosis, and the skeletal growth.

This book contains information on recent advances in aetiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis, for the assessment of this condition before treatment and during the follow-up, making a note of emerging technology and analytical techniques like virtual anatomy by 3-D MRI/CT, quantitative MRI and Moire Topography. Some new trends in conservative treatment and the long term outcome and complications of surgical treatment are described. Issues like health related quality of life, psychological aspects of scoliosis treatment and the very important "patient's perspective" are also discussed. Finally two chapters tapping the untreated early onset scoliosis and the congenital kyphoscoliosis due to hemivertebra are included. It must be emphasized that knowledgeable authors with their contributions share their experience and enthusiasm with peers interested in scoliosis.