Phase Transition Approach To High Temperature Superconductivity

The discovery of superconductivity at 30 K by Bednorz and Müller in 1986 ignited an explosion of interest in high temperature superconductivity. The initial development rapidly evolved into an intensive worldwide research effort — which still persists after more than a decade — to understand the phenomenon of cuprate superconductivity, to search for ways to raise the transition temperature and to produce materials which have the potential for technological applications. During the past decade of research on this subject, significant progress has been made on both the fundamental science and technological application fronts. A great deal of experimental data is now available on the cuprates, and various properties have been well characterized using high quality single crystals and thin films. Despite this enormous research effort, however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for superconductivity in the cuprates are still open to question. This book offers an understanding from the phase transition point of view, surveys and identifies thermal and quantum fluctuation effects, identifies material-independent universal properties and provides constraints for the microscopic description of the various phenomena. The text is presented in a format suitable for use in a graduate level course. Contents:Ginzburg–Landau PhenomenologyGaussian Thermal FluctuationsSuperfluidity and the n-Vector ModelUniversality and Scaling Theory of Classical Critical Phenomena at Finite TemperatureExperimental Evidence for Classical Critical BehaviorQuantum Phase TransitionsImplicationsMean Field TreatmentXY ModelQuantum Phase TransitionsBCS TheorySuperconducting Properties of the Attractive Hubbard Model Readership: Researchers and graduate students interested in superconductivity. Keywords:High Temperature Superconductivity;Cuprate Superconductors;Ginzburg-Landau Phenomenology;Gaussian Thermal Fluctuations

本书责任者译名:斯奈德。

High-Temperature Superconductors provides an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the properties of these fascinating materials. Much has been learned about the behavior and mechanism of this novel type of superconductivity over the past five years, but many questions remain unanswered. This book gives an invaluable survey which will help students and researchers to consolidate their knowledge and build upon it. A large number of illustrations and tables give valuable information for specialists. A critical comparison of different theoretical models involving strong electron correlations, spin fluctuations, phonons and excitons provides a background for understanding modern trends in the theory of high-temperature superconductivity.

Here is a concise, tutorial overview of the exciting new field of high-temperature superconductivity. This authoritative textbook focuses on topics, experimental results, and theoretical issues that are likely to have lasting value and are readily understandable to upper-level undergraduates and others new to the field. Written primarily from an experimental point of view, the book reviews conventional superconductors and then presents the structure, normal state and superconducting properties, and applications of the new cuprate superconductors. An insightful analysis of critical currents in thin films and wires is included. The book will provide an excellent supplementary text for students taking their first solid state physics course. In addition, all those with a basic knowledge of solid state physics will find the book to be a useful introduction to the field. Serves as a concise, tutorial introduction to the field Requires very little solid state physics background Includes problem sets and references to key papers

Key discoveries concerning the different biological functions of microglia in health and disease have attracted scientists from various fields. In Microglia: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail methods for selection of the key cellular, molecular and biochemical techniques that are used in studying the many and varied functions of this fascinating cell. These methods and techniques include microglia cell culture for studying microglia activation and functions, as well as their interaction with other cell types both in vitro and in vivo. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Microglia: Methods and Protocols is a useful resource for cell biologists, molecular biologists, immunologists, oncologist and neuroscientists.

Physics and Materials Science of High Temperature Superconductors, II represents the results of a fruitful dialogue between physicists and materials scientists which took place under the auspices of a NATO Advanced Study Institute in Porto Carras, Greece, between 18 and 31 August, 1991. It builds on and carries forward the success of NATO ASI 181 published in 1990. The theoretical side of the discussions reveal the basic premise of the phenomenological and Ginzburg-Landau theories of superconductivity, the implications of short coherence length, long penetration depth, the melting of flux lattices, and other matters, while the materials science includes discussions of microstructures, local inhomogeneities, deviations from ideal chemistry, the effects of systematic errors in materials preparation, the definition of imperfections, and the utilization of common materials analysis techniques. The reader will be made aware of the potential significance of Angstrom scale structural and chemical details, and the need to consider basic theoretical concepts when designing procedures to process viable, solid conductors, specifically the effects of oxygen stoichiometry and deviations from it, as well as the microstructural demands on pinning in the light of very short coherence lengths.

This proceedings contains the works of both experimental and theoretical aspects of high temperature superconductivity with special emphasis on the results obtained by nuclear methods (e.g. neutron scattering, μSR, positron annihilation and Mössbauer spectroscopy).