Probability Theory And Mathematical Statistics

First published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Approximately 1,000 problems — with answers and solutions included at the back of the book — illustrate such topics as random events, random variables, limit theorems, Markov processes, and much more.

Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics for Engineers focuses on the concepts of probability theory and mathematical statistics for finite-dimensional random variables. The book underscores the probabilities of events, random variables, and numerical characteristics of random variables. Discussions focus on canonical expansions of random vectors, second-order moments of random vectors, generalization of the density concept, entropy of a distribution, direct evaluation of probabilities, and conditional probabilities. The text then examines projections of random vectors and their distributions, including conditional distributions of projections of a random vector, conditional numerical characteristics, and information contained in random variables. The book elaborates on the functions of random variables and estimation of parameters of distributions. Topics include frequency as a probability estimate, estimation of statistical characteristics, estimation of the expectation and covariance matrix of a random vector, and testing the hypotheses on the parameters of distributions. The text then takes a look at estimator theory and estimation of distributions. The book is a vital source of data for students, engineers, postgraduates of applied mathematics, and other institutes of higher technical education.

This book demonstrates the usefulness of geometric methods in probability theory and mathematical statistics, and shows close relationships between these disciplines and convex analysis. Deep facts and statements from the theory of convex sets are discussed with their applications to various questions arising in probability theory, mathematical statistics, and the theory of stochastic processes. The book is essentially self-contained, and the presentation of material is thorough in detail. Audience: The topics considered in the book are accessible to a wide audience of mathematicians, and graduate and postgraduate students, whose interests lie in probability theory and convex geometry.

The book is a collection of 80 short and self-contained lectures covering most of the topics that are usually taught in intermediate courses in probability theory and mathematical statistics. There are hundreds of examples, solved exercises and detailed derivations of important results. The step-by-step approach makes the book easy to understand and ideal for self-study. One of the main aims of the book is to be a time saver: it contains several results and proofs, especially on probability distributions, that are hard to find in standard references and are scattered here and there in more specialistic books. The topics covered by the book are as follows. PART 1 - MATHEMATICAL TOOLS: set theory, permutations, combinations, partitions, sequences and limits, review of differentiation and integration rules, the Gamma and Beta functions. PART 2 - FUNDAMENTALS OF PROBABILITY: events, probability, independence, conditional probability, Bayes' rule, random variables and random vectors, expected value, variance, covariance, correlation, covariance matrix, conditional distributions and conditional expectation, independent variables, indicator functions. PART 3 - ADDITIONAL TOPICS IN PROBABILITY THEORY: probabilistic inequalities, construction of probability distributions, transformations of probability distributions, moments and cross-moments, moment generating functions, characteristic functions. PART 4 - PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS: Bernoulli, binomial, Poisson, uniform, exponential, normal, Chi-square, Gamma, Student's t, F, multinomial, multivariate normal, multivariate Student's t, Wishart. PART 5 - MORE DETAILS ABOUT THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION: linear combinations, quadratic forms, partitions. PART 6 - ASYMPTOTIC THEORY: sequences of random vectors and random variables, pointwise convergence, almost sure convergence, convergence in probability, mean-square convergence, convergence in distribution, relations between modes of convergence, Laws of Large Numbers, Central Limit Theorems, Continuous Mapping Theorem, Slutsky's Theorem. PART 7 - FUNDAMENTALS OF STATISTICS: statistical inference, point estimation, set estimation, hypothesis testing, statistical inferences about the mean, statistical inferences about the variance.

Probability and Mathematical Statistics: An Introduction provides a well-balanced first introduction to probability theory and mathematical statistics. This book is organized into two sections encompassing nine chapters. The first part deals with the concept and elementary properties of probability space, and random variables and their probability distributions. This part also considers the principles of limit theorems, the distribution of random variables, and the so-called student’s distribution. The second part explores pertinent topics in mathematical statistics, including the concept of sampling, estimation, and hypotheses testing. This book is intended primarily for undergraduate statistics students.

Sets and classes; Calculus; Linear Algebra; Probability; Random variables and their probability distributions; Moments and generating functions; Random vectors; Some special distributions; Limit theorems; Sample moments and their distributions; The theory of point estimation; Neyman-pearson theory of testing of hypotheses; Some further results on hypotheses testing; Confidence estimation; The general linear hypothesis; nonparametric statistical inference; Sequential statistical inference.

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