Science And Technology Of Ultrasonics

This work covers the basics for an understanding of ultrasonics and its potential applications in important fields of science and technology. Transducers and Instrumentation are dealt in individual chapters due to their prime importance in ultrasonic applications. Topics covered are applications of ultrasound science and technology for materials characterization, NDT, underwater acoustics, medical ultrasound, and molecular interaction.

Updated, revised, and restructured to reflect the latest advances in science and applications, the fourth edition of this best-selling industry and research reference covers the fundamental physical acoustics of ultrasonics and transducers, with a focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive modalities. It then discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications involving low power (sensing) and high power (processing) for research, industrial, and medical use. This book includes new content covering computer modeling used for acoustic and elastic wave phenomena, including scattering, mode conversion, transmission through layered media, Rayleigh and Lamb waves and flexural plates, modern horn design tools, Langevin transducers, and material characterization. There is more attention on process monitoring and advanced nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE), including phased array ultrasound (PAUT), long-range inspection, using guided ultrasonic waves (GUW), internally rotary inspection systems (IRIS), time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and acoustic emission (AE). These methods are discussed and applied to both metals and nonmetals using illustrations in various industries, including now additionally for food and beverage products. The topics of defect sizing, capabilities, and limitations, including the probability of detection (POD), are introduced. Three chapters provide a new treatment of high-power ultrasonics, for both fluids and solids, and again, with examples of industrial engineering, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other process applications. Expanded coverage is given to medical and biological applications, covering diagnostics, therapy, and, at the highest powers, surgery. Key Features Provides an overview of fundamental analysis and transducer technologies needed to design and develop both measurement and processing systems Considers applications in material characterization and metrology Covers ultrasonic nondestructive testing and evaluation and high-power ultrasonics, which involves interactions that change the state of material Highlights medical and biomedical applications of ultrasound, focusing on the physical acoustics and the technology employed for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, and research This book is intended for both the undergraduate and graduate scientists and engineers, as well as the working professional, who seeks to understand the fundamentals together with a holistic treatment of the field of ultrasonics and its diversity of applications.

The book provides a unique and comprehensive treatment of the science, technology, and applications for industrial and medical ultrasonics, including low- and high-power implementations. The discussion of applications is combined with the fundamental physics, the reporting of the sensors/transducers, and systems for the full spectrum of industrial, nondestructive testing, and medical/bio-medical uses. It includes citations of numerous references and covers both mainstream and the more unusual and obscure applications of ultrasound.

Covers interdisciplinary ultrasonics and materials science in a broad spectrum. It also presents recent advances in development of theory, experiments and industrial applications. The properties of materials depend upon their composition, structure, synthesis and processing. Many properties of materials depend strongly on the structure, even if the composition of the material remains same. Thus, reveal the importance of structure property or microstructure property relationships in materials.

Gain a Unique and Comprehensive Understanding of Ultrasonics Despite its importance, most books on ultrasonics cover only very specific sub-fields of the science. They generally also take a more mathematical approach and lack the wider scope needed to truly improve understanding and facilitate practical use of ultrasonics across a wide range of disciplines. Create Efficient Systems for Any Environment Ultrasonics Data covers the science, technology, and application of ultrasonics. It discusses everything from sensors to systems, dealing primarily with both low- and high-intensity industrial and medical ultrasonic applications. It presents data and functions from different areas of science and technology to help readers better comprehend and more effectively use ultrasound energy. Starting with relevant basic ultrasonic equations, the authors explore the application of finite elements to the design of vibrating bars, horns, plates, rings, large horns, and blades. They analyze properties and design data applicable to piezoelectric materials and transducers, as well as magnetostrictive, pneumatic, and liquid transducers. The book examines the mechanical and physical properties of materials, including those necessary for welding and forming. Using practical applications, the book explores the chemical properties and compatibilities of materials, and the chemical effects of ultrasound. There is also information on nondestructive testing applications and the modern equipment used to carry them out, including electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) and lasers. A "Big-Picture" Focus on Practical Data and Principles Versatile as a reference for engineers, researchers, and graduate students, this book summarizes the history of ultrasonics, projects future advances, and evaluates the practicality of new ideas. Helping system designers meet the requirements of present and future developments, it covers a range of applications to inspire new innovations using ultrasonics.

Maintaining the features that made the first edition of this book a bestseller, Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications, Second Edition describes the basic principles, theoretical background, and a wide range of applications of ultrasonic energy. This edition includes an expanded discussion of beats that now contains mathematical relationships, equations for designing large horns, an enlarged presentation of transducer designs, expanded tabulations of the acoustic properties of materials, additional information on nondestructive testing, expanded coverage of high-intensity ultrasound, and additional details regarding the medical applications of ultrasonics.