Semiconductor Quantum Science And Technology

Semiconductor quantum science and technology is exploring the exciting and emerging prospects of integrating quantum functionality on semiconductor platforms to convert current information technology into quantum information technology. The past twenty years have led to incredible advances in this field. This book brings together the leading scientists who present the main achievements and challenges by reviewing and motivating the state-of-the-art at a tutorial level. The key challenges include creating quantum-light sources, quantum information processing via strong light-matter interaction, discovering new quantum materials as well as quasiparticles, and determining new quantum spectroscopic methodologies for superior control of quantum phenomena. As an important step, integration of these solutions on a semiconductor chip is discussed, and outlook for the future of semiconductor quantum science and technology is given. Leading experts present their vision on semiconductor quantum science and technology All aspects needed to realize semiconductor quantum science and technology are explained Quantum semiconductors from overviewed a tutorial introduction to the state-of-the-art

Modern Semiconductor Quantum Physics has the following constituents: (1) energy band theory: pseudopotential method (empirical and ab initio); density functional theory; quasi-particles; LCAO method; k.p method; spin-orbit splitting; effect mass and Luttinger parameters; strain effects and deformation potentials; temperature effects. (2) Optical properties: absorption and exciton effect; modulation spectroscopy; photo luminescence and photo luminescence excitation; Raman scattering and polaritons; photoionization. (3) Defects and Impurities: effective mass theory and shallow impurity states; deep state cluster method, super cell method, Green's function method; carrier recombination kinetics; trapping transient measurements; electron spin resonance; electron lattice interaction and lattice relaxation effects; multi-phonon nonradiative recombination; negative U center, DX center and EL2 Defects. (4) Semiconductor surfaces: two dimensional periodicity and surface reconstruction; surface electronic states; photo-electron spectroscopy; LEED, STM and other experimental methods. (5) Low-dimensional structures: Heterojunctions, quantum wells; superlattices, quantum-confined Stark effect and Wannier-Stark ladder effects; resonant tunneling, quantum Hall effect, quantum wires and quantum dots.This book can be used as an advanced textbook on semiconductor physics for graduate students in physics and electrical engineering departments. It is also useful as a research reference for solid state scientists and semiconductor device engineers.

Primary goal of this book is to provide a cohesive description of the vast field of semiconductor quantum devices, with special emphasis on basic quantum-mechanical phenomena governing the electro-optical response of new-generation nanomaterials. The book will cover within a common language different types of optoelectronic nanodevices, including quantum-cascade laser sources and detectors, few-electron/exciton quantum devices, and semiconductor-based quantum logic gates. The distinguishing feature of the present volume is a unified microscopic treatment of quantum-transport and coherent-optics phenomena on ultrasmall space- and time-scales, as well as of their semiclassical counterparts.

The result of the nano education project run by the Korean Nano Technology Initiative, this has been recommended for use as official textbook by the Korean Nanotechnology Research Society. The author is highly experienced in teaching both physics and engineering in academia and industry, and naturally adopts an interdisciplinary approach here. He is short on formulations but long on applications, allowing students to understand the essential workings of quantum mechanics without spending too much time covering the wide realms of physics. He takes care to provide sufficient technical background and motivation for students to pursue further studies of advanced quantum mechanics and stresses the importance of translating quantum insights into useful and tangible innovations and inventions. As such, this is the only work to cover semiconductor nanotechnology from the perspective of introductory quantum mechanics, with applications including mainstream semiconductor technologies as well as (nano)devices, ranging from photodetectors, laser diodes, and solar cells to transistors and Schottky contacts. Problems are also provided to test the reader's understanding and supplementary material available includes working presentation files, solutions and instructors manuals.

This book reviews recent advances in the field of semiconductor quantum dots via contributions from prominent researchers in the scientific community. Special focus is given to optical, quantum optical, and spin properties of single quantum dots.

This book highlights the most recent developments in quantum dot spin physics and the generation of deterministic superior non-classical light states with quantum dots. In particular, it addresses single quantum dot spin manipulation, spin-photon entanglement and the generation of single-photon and entangled photon pair states with nearly ideal properties. The role of semiconductor microcavities, nanophotonic interfaces as well as quantum photonic integrated circuits is emphasized. The latest theoretical and experimental studies of phonon-dressed light matter interaction, single-dot lasing and resonance fluorescence in QD cavity systems are also provided. The book is written by the leading experts in the field.

The book addresses issues associated with physics and technology of injection lasers based on self-organized quantum dots. Fundamental and technological aspects of quantum dot edge-emitting lasers and VCSELs, their current status and future prospects are summarized and reviewed. Basic principles of QD formation using self-organization phenomena are reviewed. Structural and optical properties of self-organized QDs are considered with a number of examples in different material systems. Recent achievements in controlling the QD properties including the effects of vertical stacking, changing the matrix bandgap and the surface density of QDs are reviewed. The authors focus on the use of self-organized quantum dots in laser structures, fabrication and characterization of edge and surface emitting diode lasers, their properties and optimization with special attention paid to the relationship between structural and electronic properties of QDs and laser characteristics. The threshold and power characteristics of the state-of-the-art QD lasers are demonstrated. Issues related to the long-wavelength (1.3-mm) lasers on a GaAs substrate are also addressed and recent results on InGaAsN-based diode lasers presented for the purpose of comparison.

This is an overview of different models and mechanisms developed to describe the capture and relaxation of carriers in quantum-dot systems. Despite their undisputed importance, the mechanisms leading to population and energy exchanges between a quantum dot and its environment are not yet fully understood. The authors develop a first-order approach to such effects, using elementary quantum mechanics and an introduction to the physics of semiconductors. The book results from a series of lectures given by the authors at the Master’s level.