Sublimity

Usually related to feelings of overwhelming grandeur, irresistible power, lofty emotion or simple awe, the sublime is a term impossible to define. If it has any definition, it is that which exceeds description. In exploring this complex yet crucial concept, Philip Shaw looks in turn at: - the legacy of classical theories of the sublime - Edmund Burke's and Immanuel Kant's eighteenth-century contributions to debates around the term - romantic notions of sublimity - the postmodern and avant-garde sublime - politicisation of the concept by contemporary critical theorists. A remarkably clear study of what is in its essence a term near-impossible to pin down, this guide is essential reading for students of literature, critical and cultural theory.

The first in-depth treatment of the major theories of the sublime from Longinus to Kant.

No author in the English canon seems more deserving of the epithet sublime than John Milton. Yet Milton's sublimity has long been dismissed as an invention of eighteenth-century criticism. The poet himself, the story goes, could hardly have had any notion of the sublime, a concept that only took shape in the decades after his death with the advent of philosophical aesthetics. Such a narrative, however, fails to account for the fact that Milton is one of the first writers in English to refer to Longinus, the author traditionally associated with the Ancient Greek treatise On the Sublime. This book argues that Milton did have an idea of the sublime—one that came to him from Longinus but also from a larger classical tradition that offered a pre-aesthetic predecessor to the aesthetic concept of the sublime. Thomas Vozar shows that Longinus was better known in early modern England than has been previously appreciated; that various notions of sublimity beyond that of Longinus would have been available to Milton and his contemporaries; and that such notions of the sublime were integral to Milton's rhetorical, scientific, and theological imagination. Additional material relating to the early modern reception of Longinus is provided in the appendices, which contain the first bibliographical study of copies of Longinus in English private libraries to 1674 and an edition of a newly discovered seventeenth-century English translation of Longinus. Far from being anachronistic, Milton's "abstracted sublimities" touch on almost every aspect of his thought, from rhetoric to politics, from science to theology. Making substantive contributions to literary scholarship, classical reception studies, and the history of ideas, Milton, Longinus, and the Sublime in the Seventeenth Century returns the sublime to its proper place at the forefront of Milton criticism, re-evaluates the diffusion of Longinian texts and concepts in early modern Europe, and records a crucial missing chapter in the history of the sublime.

Henry Hart establishes the connection between Robert Lowell - one of the most important American poets of the last fifty years - and one of the principal sites of current aesthetic theory, the sublime, a prominent tradition in literature, which traces journeys beyond ordinary language and behavior into exalted states. Lowell's casual interest in the sublime, which eventually became an obsession, dominated his poetry. By searching archives and manuscript collections that take us back to Lowell's beginnings at St. Mark's, Harvard, and Kenyon, the author uncovers early and telling instances of the poet's interest in the poetics of sublimity. Hart illuminates the complexities of this poet's imagination in original ways, connecting Lowell firmly to the tradition of American Romanticism. He provides insights into Lowell's poems, especially the lesser-known works and discerns an allegorical pattern throughout the poetry that involves two interrelated elements: battles against patriarchal gods and failed, often demonic quests for transcendent ideals. He maintains that this pattern of battle and quest has its roots in Lowell's Oedipal struggle against his father, and that quest is essential to attaining an experience of the sublime. Linking these two concepts - the Oedipal struggle and the sublime - is entirely new in Lowell studies.

Beckett's novel Molloy and the question how this work evokes a particular kind of feeling associated with its exhibition of meaninglessness, namely the feeling of the sublime, is the point of departure for this study. Kant's theory of the sublime is interpreted within the framework of his aesthetic and moral theories, suggesting a way to understand the claim to universal validity for aesthetic judgements. Kant claims that the judgement of the sublime serves morality but he fails to provide this link, so a theory of how this aesthetic judgement can contribute to the cultivation of moral character is developed. It is argued that Kant held that art, including narrative art like the novel, can be sublime. Kant's theory of the sublime is shown to be relevant for modern works of art, and the application of this Kantian framework throws new light on the discussion of the moral aspects of Beckett's literary work. According to this account, Molloy is a sublime work of art, and despite its amoral content can serve the reader's moral cultivation.

The Landscapes of the Sublime examines the place of the 'natural sublime' in the cultural history of the eighteenth century and Romantic period. Drawing on a range of scholarship and historical sources, it offers a fresh perspective on the different species of the 'natural sublime' encountered by British and European travellers and explorers.

This book offers, in each case, intimate critical readings which spin out into broad interrogations about knowledge and experience in early modern French literature. It considers the ineffability of some kinds of experience alongside everyday human communication and encounters.

Schizophrenia has been one of psychiatry's most contested diagnostic categories. The Sublime object of Psychiatry studies representations of schizophrenia across a wide range of disciplines and discourses: biological and phenomenological psychiatry, psychoanalysis, critical psychology, antipsychiatry, and postmodern philosophy.