Successes And Challenges Of Nk Immunotherapy

Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy: Increasing Anti-tumor Efficacy describes the unique therapeutic applications of NK cells to fight cancers and eliminate the bulk and subset of cancer stem cells responsible for metastasis, relapse and recurrences. The book provides information on the development, engineering, mechanisms of action, response to various preclinical models, and applications in various clinical trials. Sections cover the development of highly engineered cytotoxic NK cells, their mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical applications, the development and application of CAR-NK cells, and new NK-drug conjugates, also emphasizing that activated NK cells can target and kill highly resistant cancer stem cells. Written by the leading experts on NK immunotherapy worldwide, this is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who are interested in understanding novel and efficient therapies to fight cancers. Discusses the unique developmental applications of NK immunotherapy against cancers, which differs greatly from other types of immunotherapies Provides up-to-date and highly relevant information through chapters written by the leading researchers in the field Presents a significant number of schematic diagrams for easy understanding and reproducibility

NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges explains the latest immunotherapeutic strategies, focusing on NK cells to allow the best and precise combination treatments to cancer patients. The book provides existing background knowledge in the field of immunotherapy and discusses future areas of research required to carry out cutting-edge, validated therapies. Chapters cover advances in immunotherapeutic strategies, in particular, the use of NK cells with and without T-cell therapy in the treatment of cancer. The book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and those interested in learning more about novel strategies to treat cancer patients. Immunotherapy is fast becoming the method of choice for cancer therapy. Although remarkable advances have been made in the field of immunotherapy, there are significant challenges and difficulties ahead since many of the current immunotherapeutic strategies do not provide long-lasting treatment strategies, and therefore are not very effective. Covers CAR/T and CAR/NK and adoptive NK cell therapy with and without T cell therapies Discusses basic biology of NK cells and mouse models of human cancers and the role of NK cells in metastatic cancer and in cancer stem cells Encompasses information on combination therapies using check point inhibition, adoptive transfer of cytotoxic effector cells, chemotherapeutic drugs and activating and inhibitory antibodies

Natural killer cells (NK cells) are the lymphocytes which belong to the same family as B and T cells, because they differentiate from a common progenitor. These cells detect and control early signs of cancer, and also recognize and kill virally infected cells. Specialized natural killer cells are found in placenta and are also known to play an important role in pregnancy. To enhance the immune system, natural killer cells secrete cytokines such as IFNγ and TNFα which act on other immune cells. Activating receptors recognize the molecules which are present on the surface of infected and cancer cells and switch on the natural killer cells. This book explores all the important aspects of natural killer cells. It brings forth the role of natural killer cells in disease response. In this book, using case studies and examples, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of this field as easy and informative as possible, for the readers.

This book focusses on the different types of immunotherapeutics that are currently being used and developed for the treatment of melanoma. In recent years, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic melanoma and other types of cancer. Discussing treatment options for melanoma and the success of immunotherapy along with the challenges of immunotherapy, this book covers epidemiology, susceptibility genes, and treatment recommendations from Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer, as well as immune based therapies such as aldesleukin, Intron-A, Sylatron, Yervoy, Opdivo, Keytruda, Imlygic, DC vaccines and adoptive cell therapy. The detailed information included on the key immune cells involved in anti-tumor immune response and immune-inhibitory mechanisms in tumor microenvironment will aid the understanding of tumor immunology. Both academic as well as industry-based researchers, developing novel anti-cancer therapies, will also benefit from the details of promising molecular targets and immunotherapeutic strategies under investigation. With 132 illustrations including synopsis tables for important information, over 1200 references (majority of which are openly accessible) and details of more than 150 ongoing clinical trials, this book is a valuable source of information for health care providers as well as cancer biologists interested in learning about melanoma and the significant advances made by immunotherapy.

GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CANCER Cancer is the second highest cause of death in the United States, and a leading cause of death globally. Our goals are to discuss the global epidemiology of various cancers, with detailed information on their prevalence, incidence, and clinical considerations. Epidemiology is the key to understanding the mortality and morbidity of cancer, and how we can prevent, diagnose, and treat the disease. Prevention of cancer is essential for saving lives. Prevalence and incidence of cancer are key factors that each government and population must be aware of. Advances in the study of cancer occur on a regular basis, and this book provides the latest insights about relationships between the disease and stem cells, tumorigenesis, molecular interactions, pathways, channels, and immunity. Global Epidemiology of Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment meets the needs of readers by providing current information about epidemiology (including molecular epidemiology), diagnosis, and treatment. Providing logical, step-by-step information on various cancers, this book consolidates all of the most up-to-date information and data from verified studies on all different types of cancers in the United States and throughout the world. Chapters are presented so that each includes an overview, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, pathophysiology, etiology and risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. Global Epidemiology of Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment will be invaluable to graduate and postgraduate students, including medical students; nurses; physician assistants; residents in oncology; public health students and allied health students.

Recent advances in understanding of fundamental immunology have created new insights into the dynamic interactions between tumors and the immune system. This includes new understanding of T- and B-cell interaction, immune inhibitory mechanisms including the biology of T regulatory cells, myeloid suppressor cells, and dendritic cell subsets. Enhanced understanding of mechanisms underlying T-cell anergy such as arginine deprivation, immunosuppressive cytokines, defective innate and interferon response pathways, and NKG2D downregulation have all provided new insight into suppression of anti-tumor immunity and tumor evasion. In addition to emerging understanding of tumor evasion, new immune targets such as CTLA4 blockade, NK stimulatory receptors, manipulation of the antigen processing and presentation, cytokine and costimulatory responses all provide new possibilities for enhancing anti-tumor immunity even in tumors previously felt to be resistant to immune attack. Several of these strategies have already been realized in the clinic. The volume will explore evolving paradigms in antigen presentation, dendritic cell biology, the innate response and immunosuppressive mechanisms, and emerging strategies for manipulation of the immune system for therapeutic benefit that have realized success in neuroblastoma, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, and allogeneic transplantation. Early successes as well as failures will be highlighted to provide a snapshot of the state of clinical immunotherapy with an eye to future possibilities such as combination therapies, adoptive T-cell transfer, and the retargeting of immune cells via T-cell receptor engineering.