Surface Segregation In Multicomponent Systems Modeling Of Surface Alloys And Alloy Surfaces

DescriptionSurface Alloys and Alloy Surfaces is concerned with the structural, compositional, electronic and chemical properties of the surfaces of solids in which the surface layers, at least are alloyed. Two different categories of system are covered - the surfaces of bulk alloys (alloy surfaces) and surface phases in which one or more outermost atomic layers are alloyed, while the underlying bulk involves no such intermixing (surface alloys).Importance of TopicThe surfaces of bulk alloys have long been known to be of practical interest for their chemical properties. It has also long been known that the surface composition of such alloys commonly differs from that of the underlying bulk. However, our understanding of these chemical and physical phenomena is far from complete and the application of surface science methods to investigate these phenomena is a manifestation of a general trend to study the surfaces of increasing complexity. Surface alloy formation, as a much more recently recognized phenomenon deserves more attention.Why This TitleThis title is important as it provides new insights into a mixture of new and old problems. It is the first to cover the important mixture of material on surface alloys and alloy surfaces. Each chapter is written by experts in different areas of these two interrelated topics, covering theory and experiment, physics and chemistry, geometrical and electronic structure. The coverage of the surface alloy topic is especially novel as it is relatively newly-recognised as quite a common phenomenon.

The purpose of this book is to discuss the phenomena associated with the segregation of one element in a multicomponent material. It describes the kinetics of segregation and contains a tabular summary of the pros and cons of the various models. The easy-to-read chapters outline in detail the macroscopic approach and provide an in-depth review of broken-bond models. This comprehensive informative resource also addresses important multicomponent systems. These systems include metals with non-metallic constituents, semiconductor-metal interfaces, steels and steel-related alloys, and real catalysts. Readers of this text will gain a good fundamental understanding and overview of surface, interfacial, and selvedge segregation. Those who have an interest in physics, vacuum science, material science, and chemical, mechanical, and electrical engineering will benefit from this imperative work.

Computational Modelling of Nanoparticles highlights recent advances in the power and versatility of computational modelling, experimental techniques, and how new progress has opened the door to a more detailed and comprehensive understanding of the world of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles, having dimensions of 100 nanometers or less, are increasingly being used in applications in medicine, materials and manufacturing, and energy. Spanning the smallest sub-nanometer nanoclusters to nanocrystals with diameters of 10s of nanometers, this book provides a state-of-the-art overview on how computational modelling can provide, often otherwise unobtainable, insights into nanoparticulate structure and properties. This comprehensive, single resource is ideal for researchers who want to start/improve their nanoparticle modelling efforts, learn what can be (and what cannot) achieved with computational modelling, and understand more clearly the value and details of computational modelling efforts in their area of research. Explores how computational modelling can be successfully applied at the nanoscale level Includes techniques for the computation modelling of different types of nanoclusters, including nanoalloy clusters, fullerines and Ligated and/or solvated nanoclusters Offers complete coverage of the use of computational modelling at the nanoscale, from characterization and processing, to applications

This comprehensive reference work satisfies the need for in-depth and multidisciplinary coverage of the current state of the art of magnetic hybrid nanoalloys (MHNAs) and their polymer and ceramic nanocomposites. MHNAs represent one of the most challenging research areas in modern science and technology. These materials are stiff and strong with remarkable electronic, mechanical, electrical, thermal and biocompatible properties, and a high potential for multifunctional applications ranging from industry to medicine. The peer-reviewed literature is already extensive, witnessing rapid progress in experimental and theoretical studies on fundamental properties as well as various advanced applications. Part 1 covers theory, modelling, and synthesis (growth and alloying mechanisms) of MHNAs. Formation mechanisms of magneto-electric multiferroic materials, magnetic carbon nanotube (CNTs), and perovskite materials, which are a novel class of next-generation multifunctional nanomaterials, are discussed. The second part focuses on characterization techniques for electrical and dielectrical, rheological, biocompatibility, and other properties, as well as applications in the industrial, agricultural, environmental, and biomedical sectors. Finally, life cycle assessment is considered as essential to the development of nanomaterials and nanoproducts from MHNAs. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and other professionals in the fields of materials science and engineering, polymer science, surface science, bioengineering, and chemical engineering will find comprehensive and authoritative information for solving fundamental and applied problems in the characterization and use of these multifunctional nanomaterials.