The Critical Theories Of T S Eliot And I A Richards

Ivor Armstrong Richards was one of the founders of modern literary criticism. He enthused a generation of writers and readers and was an influential supporter of the young T.S. Eliot. Principles of Literary Criticism was the text that first established his reputation and pioneered the movement that became known as the 'New Criticism'. Highly controversial when first published, Principles of Literary Criticism remains a work which no one with a serious interest in literature can afford to ignore.

Ivor Armstrong Richards, 1893-1979, English poet.

No Treatment Of Modern Criticism Is Possible Without Discussing I.A. Richards, Since In The Most Literal Sense His Influence Combined With That Of T.S. Eliot And F.R. Leavis Served To Create It. As One Of Seminal Thinkers Paving The Way For The Development Of New Criticism, Richards Made A Systematic Attempt To Formulate A Theory Of Poetry In Consonance With The Demands Of Modern Scientific Thought.The Present Book Stems From The Need To Offer An Objective Appraisal Of Richards Thought System In The Context Of The Evolution Of His Ideas In Foundations Of Aesthetics, The Meaning Of Meaning, Principles Of Literary Criticism, Science And Poetry (Later Reissued As Poetries And Sciences) And Practical Criticism. In The Context Of Wide-Spread Misinterpretations And Distortions Of Richards Point Of View, The Author Has Tried Throughout This Inter-Disciplinary Work To Allow Richards To Speak For Himself. While Unfolding The Subtle, Suggestive And Consistent Nature Of Richards Early Writings, The Book Studies His Criticism Of Modern Poets Like T.S. Eliot, W.B. Yeats, G.M. Hopkins, Thomas Hardy And D.H. Lawrence. The Chapter On Practical Criticism Throws Light On Richards Technique Of Evaluating Poems And Teaches The Art Of Appreciating Poetry.

In his time T.S. Eliot established a new critical orthodoxy by which no major modern critic in England or America remained unaffected, but a decade has passed since his death and a generation or more since his extraordinary influence was at its height. It has therefore seemed worth attempting a fresh historical revaluation of Eliot's critical achievement and the nine distinguished scholars whom Dr Newton-De Molina approached responded readily to his invitation that they undertake such a project. Their essays range widely over the various aspects of Eliot's critical activity and place it in the context not only of his endeavours as poet and dramatist but also of his formal training as a philosopher and of his conversion to Christianity. They contrast the early and later work (not forgetting Eliot's own retrospective comments on the former), consider its relation to the English critical and poetic tradition, and seek to show in what ways criticism may derive new impetus from the example both of Eliot's strengths and of his limitations.

First published in 1977, this book was the first to map extensively the ideological typography of the Anglo-American tradition of literary theory. It interrogates, comprehensively and in detail, the assumptions and categorical development within critical ideas from I. A. Richards and T. S. Eliot, through John Crowe Ransom and the New Criticism, to Northrop Frye and Marshall NcLuhan. This analysis reveals the Anglo-American tradition of literary-cultural theory is most properly intelligible within the overall field of social consciousness as an ideology of progressive cultural rationalization. Against a background of ideological development since nineteenth-century Romanticism, John Fekete illuminates the boundaries of literary ideology in relation to the shapes and changes of modern culture and society.

Terry Eagleton looks back across sixty years to an extraordinary critical milieu that transformed the study of literature Before the First World War, traditional literary scholarship was isolated from society at large. In the years following, a younger generation of critics came to the fore. Their work represented a reaction to the impoverishment of language in a commercial, utilitarian society increasingly under the sway of film, advertising, and the popular press. For them, literary criticism was a way of diagnosing social ills and had a vital moral function to perform. Terry Eagleton reflects on the lives and work of T. S. Eliot, I. A. Richards, William Empson, F. R. Leavis, and Raymond Williams, and explores a vital tradition of literary criticism that today is in danger of being neglected. These five critics rank among the most original and influential of modern times, and represent one of the most remarkable intellectual formations in twentieth-century Britain. This was the heyday of literary modernism, a period of change and experimentation--the bravura of which spurred on developments in critical theory.

The ten topics contained in Twentieth-Century Literary Theory reflect contemporary theoretical interests and guide the reader through fundamental questions, from the formation to the uses of theory, and from the construction to the interpretation of literature. The selected essays cover a wealth of scholarship from both the United States and Europe. They go beyond traditional categories by focusing on issues rather than writers or critical movements, thus providing a forum for the continuing discussion of what theory is and does.