The Eastern Question In 1870s Britain

This book examines mid-Victorian discourse on the expansion of the British Empire’s role in the Middle East. It investigates how British political leaders, journalists and the general public responded to events in the Ottoman Empire, which many, if not most, people in Britain came to see as trudging towards inevitable chaos and destruction. Although this ‘Eastern Question’ on a post-Ottoman future was ostensibly a matter of international politics and sometimes conflict, this study argues that the ideas underpinning it were conceived, shaped, and enforced according to domestic British attitudes. In this way, this book presents the Eastern Question as as much a British question as one related in any way to the Ottoman Empire. Particularly in the crucial decade of the 1870s, debates in Victorian society on the Eastern Question served as proxies for other pressing issues of the day, including electoral reform, changing religious attitudes, public education, and the costs of maintaining Britain’s empire. This book offers new perspectives on the Eastern Question’s relationship to these trends in Victorian society, culture, and politics, highlighting its significance in understanding Britain’s imperial programme more widely in the second half of the nineteenth century.

This collection of papers offers a fascinating insight into the complex political and military landscape of 19th-century Europe. Crealock's analysis of the Eastern Question and its impact on Great Britain's foreign policy sheds new light on a pivotal period in world history. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

The 1830s saw a transformation in British attitudes towards the Ottoman Empire. This book focuses on the British concept of "improvement", which they claimed in return for supporting the Ottoman's, and reinterprets the career of the British ambassador, Lord Stratford de Radcliffe.

Stratford Canning was a British diplomat who was seen as an expert in the Ottoman Empire due to his station in Constantinople. This collection of his papers concerning Turkey is arranged chronologically from 1874 to 1880; it consists of previously unpublished memorandums, editorials to the London Times, reviews, and scholarly articles. The papers concern questions of international relations, particularly between Russia, Turkey, Greece, and England; analysis of the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878); border disputes and other tensions between Greece and Turkey; discussion of the Treaty of San Stefano and the Treaty of Berlin (1878), which allowed many new Balkan states to come into existence and which unsettled the established powers of the region; an explanation of the revival of Greek independence; economic development, including concerns with Turkish currency; and a political history of Turkey with respect to the interests of Britain.

A clear and concise guide to the Eastern Question - the problem facing the European states of how to react to the decline of the Ottoman Empire. A L MacFie's study shows how the question was a major factor in shaping the policies of all the major powers from the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-74 down to the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.

This book offers a detailed and comprehensive overview of the Eastern Question, the complex geopolitical issue that dominated international affairs in the 19th century. Focusing on the various interests and perspectives of the major states involved - including Egypt, Britain, Russia, the Ottoman Empire, and the United States - the book provides a nuanced and richly informative account of the diplomatic, military, and cultural issues at stake. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.