Data Analytics On Graphs

Aimed at readers with a good grasp of the fundamentals of data analytics, this book sets out the fundamentals of graph theory and the emerging mathematical techniques for the analysis of a wide range of data acquired on graph environments. This book will be a useful friend and a helpful companion to all involved in data gathering and analysis.

This open access book is part of the LAMBDA Project (Learning, Applying, Multiplying Big Data Analytics), funded by the European Union, GA No. 809965. Data Analytics involves applying algorithmic processes to derive insights. Nowadays it is used in many industries to allow organizations and companies to make better decisions as well as to verify or disprove existing theories or models. The term data analytics is often used interchangeably with intelligence, statistics, reasoning, data mining, knowledge discovery, and others. The goal of this book is to introduce some of the definitions, methods, tools, frameworks, and solutions for big data processing, starting from the process of information extraction and knowledge representation, via knowledge processing and analytics to visualization, sense-making, and practical applications. Each chapter in this book addresses some pertinent aspect of the data processing chain, with a specific focus on understanding Enterprise Knowledge Graphs, Semantic Big Data Architectures, and Smart Data Analytics solutions. This book is addressed to graduate students from technical disciplines, to professional audiences following continuous education short courses, and to researchers from diverse areas following self-study courses. Basic skills in computer science, mathematics, and statistics are required.

This book highlights some of the unique aspects of spatio-temporal graph data from the perspectives of modeling and developing scalable algorithms. The authors discuss in the first part of this book, the semantic aspects of spatio-temporal graph data in two application domains, viz., urban transportation and social networks. Then the authors present representational models and data structures, which can effectively capture these semantics, while ensuring support for computationally scalable algorithms. In the first part of the book, the authors describe algorithmic development issues in spatio-temporal graph data. These algorithms internally use the semantically rich data structures developed in the earlier part of this book. Finally, the authors introduce some upcoming spatio-temporal graph datasets, such as engine measurement data, and discuss some open research problems in the area. This book will be useful as a secondary text for advanced-level students entering into relevant fields of computer science, such as transportation and urban planning. It may also be useful for researchers and practitioners in the field of navigational algorithms.

Immediately implementable code, with extensive and varied illustrations of graph variants and layouts. Examples and exercises across a variety of real-life contexts including business, politics, education, social media and crime investigation. Dedicated chapter on graph visualization methods. Practical walkthroughs of common methodological uses: finding influential actors in groups, discovering hidden community structures, facilitating diverse interaction in organizations, detecting political alignment, determining what influences connection and attachment. Various downloadable data sets for use both in class and individual learning projects. Final chapter dedicated to individual or group project examples.

Wring more out of the data with a scientific approach toanalysis Graph Analysis and Visualization brings graph theory outof the lab and into the real world. Using sophisticated methods andtools that span analysis functions, this guide shows you how toexploit graph and network analytic techniques to enable thediscovery of new business insights and opportunities. Published infull color, the book describes the process of creating powerfulvisualizations using a rich and engaging set of examples fromsports, finance, marketing, security, social media, and more. Youwill find practical guidance toward pattern identification andusing various data sources, including Big Data, plus clearinstruction on the use of software and programming. The companionwebsite offers data sets, full code examples in Python, and linksto all the tools covered in the book. Science has already reaped the benefit of network and graphtheory, which has powered breakthroughs in physics, economics,genetics, and more. This book brings those proven techniques intothe world of business, finance, strategy, and design, helpingextract more information from data and better communicate theresults to decision-makers. Study graphical examples of networks using clear and insightfulvisualizations Analyze specifically-curated, easy-to-use data sets fromvarious industries Learn the software tools and programming languages that extractinsights from data Code examples using the popular Python programminglanguage There is a tremendous body of scientific work on network andgraph theory, but very little of it directly applies to analystfunctions outside of the core sciences – until now. Writtenfor those seeking empirically based, systematic analysis methodsand powerful tools that apply outside the lab, Graph Analysisand Visualization is a thorough, authoritative resource.

Graph Algorithms for Data Science teaches you how to construct graphs from both structured and unstructured data. You'll learn how the flexible Cypher query language can be used to easily manipulate graph structures, and extract amazing insights. Graph Algorithms for Data Science is a hands-on guide to working with graph-based data in applications. It's filled with fascinating and fun projects, demonstrating the ins-and-outs of graphs. You'll gain practical skills by analyzing Twitter, building graphs with NLP techniques, and much more. These powerful graph algorithms are explained in clear, jargon-free text and illustrations that makes them easy to apply to your own projects.

Modern data analytics applications on graphs often operate on domains where graph topology is not known a priori, and hence its determination becomes part of the problem definition, rather than serving as prior knowledge which aids the problem solution. Part III of this monograph starts by a comprehensive account of ways to learn the pertinent graph topology, ranging from the simplest case where the physics of the problem already suggest a possible graph structure, through to general cases where the graph structure is to be learned from the data observed on a graph. A particular emphasis is placed on the use of standard “relationship measures” in this context, including the correlation and precision matrices, together with the ways to combine these with the available prior knowledge and structural conditions, such as the smoothness of the graph signals or sparsity of graph connections. Next, for learning sparse graphs (that is, graphs with a small number of edges), the utility of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, known as LASSO is addressed, along with its graph specific variant, the graphical LASSO. For completeness, both variants of LASSO are derived in an intuitive way, starting from basic principles. An in-depth elaboration of the graph topology learning paradigm is provided through examples on physically well defined graphs, such as electric circuits, linear heat transfer, social and computer networks, and springmass systems. We also review main trends in graph neural networks (GNN) and graph convolutional networks (GCN) from the perspective of graph signal filtering. Particular insight is given to the role of diffusion processes over graphs, to show that GCNs can be understood from the graph diffusion perspective. Given the largely heuristic nature of the existing GCNs, their treatment through graph diffusion processes may also serve as a basis for new designs of GCNs. Tensor representation of lattice-structured graphs is next considered, and it is shown that tensors (multidimensional data arrays) can be treated a special class of graph signals, whereby the graph vertices reside on a high-dimensional regular lattice structure. The concept of graph tensor networks then provides a unifying framework for learning on irregular domains. This part of monograph concludes with an in-dept account of emerging applications in financial data processing and underground transportation network modeling. By means of portfolio cuts of an asset graph, we show how domain knowledge can be meaningfully incorporated into investment analysis. In the underground transportation example, we demonstrate how graph theory can be used to identify those stations in the London underground network which have the greatest influence on the functionality of the traffic, and proceed, in an innovative way, to assess the impact of a station closure on service levels across the city.

Discover how to use Neo4j to identify relationships within complex and large graph datasets using graph modeling, graph algorithms, and machine learning Key FeaturesGet up and running with graph analytics with the help of real-world examplesExplore various use cases such as fraud detection, graph-based search, and recommendation systemsGet to grips with the Graph Data Science library with the help of examples, and use Neo4j in the cloud for effective application scalingBook Description Neo4j is a graph database that includes plugins to run complex graph algorithms. The book starts with an introduction to the basics of graph analytics, the Cypher query language, and graph architecture components, and helps you to understand why enterprises have started to adopt graph analytics within their organizations. You’ll find out how to implement Neo4j algorithms and techniques and explore various graph analytics methods to reveal complex relationships in your data. You’ll be able to implement graph analytics catering to different domains such as fraud detection, graph-based search, recommendation systems, social networking, and data management. You’ll also learn how to store data in graph databases and extract valuable insights from it. As you become well-versed with the techniques, you’ll discover graph machine learning in order to address simple to complex challenges using Neo4j. You will also understand how to use graph data in a machine learning model in order to make predictions based on your data. Finally, you’ll get to grips with structuring a web application for production using Neo4j. By the end of this book, you’ll not only be able to harness the power of graphs to handle a broad range of problem areas, but you’ll also have learned how to use Neo4j efficiently to identify complex relationships in your data. What you will learnBecome well-versed with Neo4j graph database building blocks, nodes, and relationshipsDiscover how to create, update, and delete nodes and relationships using Cypher queryingUse graphs to improve web search and recommendationsUnderstand graph algorithms such as pathfinding, spatial search, centrality, and community detectionFind out different steps to integrate graphs in a normal machine learning pipelineFormulate a link prediction problem in the context of machine learningImplement graph embedding algorithms such as DeepWalk, and use them in Neo4j graphsWho this book is for This book is for data analysts, business analysts, graph analysts, and database developers looking to store and process graph data to reveal key data insights. This book will also appeal to data scientists who want to build intelligent graph applications catering to different domains. Some experience with Neo4j is required.