Graphics Recognition

1 Thisbookcontainsrefereedandimprovedpaperspresentedatthe5thIAPR - ternational Workshop on Graphics Recognition (GREC 2003). GREC 2003 was held in the Computer Vision Center, in Barcelona (Spain) during July 30–31, 2003. TheGRECworkshopisthemainactivityoftheIAPR-TC10,theTechnical 2 Committee on Graphics Recognition . Edited volumes from the previous wo- shops in the series are available as Lecture Notes in Computer Science: LNCS Volume 1072 (GREC 1995 at Penn State University, USA), LNCS Volume 1389 (GREC 1997 in Nancy, France), LNCS Volume 1941 (GREC 1999 in Jaipur, India), and LNCS Volume 2390 (GREC 2001 in Kingston, Canada). Graphics recognition is a particular ?eld in the domain of document ana- sis that combines pattern recognition and image processing techniques for the analysis of any kind of graphical information in documents, either from paper or electronic formats. Topics of interest for the graphics recognition community are: vectorization; symbol recognition; analysis of graphic documents with - agrammatic notation like electrical diagrams, architectural plans, engineering drawings, musical scores, maps, etc. ; graphics-based information retrieval; p- formance evaluation in graphics recognition; and systems for graphics recog- tion. Inadditiontotheclassicobjectives,inrecentyearsgraphicsrecognitionhas faced up to new and promising perspectives, some of them in conjunction with other, a?ne scienti?c communities. Examples of that are sketchy interfaces and on-line graphics recognition in the framework of human computer interaction, or query by graphic content for retrieval and browsing in large-format graphic d- uments, digital libraries and Web applications. Thus, the combination of classic challenges with new research interests gives the graphics recognition ?eld an active scienti?c community, with a promising future.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, GREC 2005, held in Hong Kong, China, August 2005. The book presents 37 revised full papers together with a panel discussion report, organized in topical sections on engineering drawings vectorization and recognition, symbol recognition, graphic image analysis, structural document analysis, sketching and online graphics recognition, curves and shape processing, and graphics recognition contest results.

This book constitutes the strictly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, GREC'97, held in Nancy, France, in August 1997. The 34 thoroughly revised full papers presented were carefully selected for inclusion in the book on the basis of a second round of post-workshop reviewing. The book is divided into sections on vectorization and segmentation, symbol recognition, form processing, map processing, engineering drawings, applications and systems, performance evaluation, and a graphics recognition contest.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Graphics Recognition (GREC 2011), held in Seoul, Korea, September 15-16, 2011. The 25 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from numerous submissions. Graphics recognition is a subfield of document image analysis that deals with graphical entities in engineering drawings, sketches, maps, architectural plans, musical scores, mathematical notation, tables, and diagrams. Accordingly the conference papers are organized in 5 technical sessions, covering the topics such as map and ancient documents, symbol and logo recognition, sketch and drawings, performance evaluation and challenge processing.

This book presents refereed and revised papers presented at GREC 2001, the 4th IAPR International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, which took place in Kingston, Ontario, Canada in September 2001. Graphics recognition is a branch of document image analysis that focuses on the recognition of two-dimensional notations such as engineering drawings, maps, mathematical notation, music notation, tables, and chemical structure diagrams. Due to the growing demand for both o?-line and on-line document recognition systems, the ?eld of graphics recognition has an excitingand promisingfuture. The GREC workshops provide an opportunity for researchers at all levels of experience to share insights into graphics recognition methods. The workshops enjoy strongparticipation from researchers in both industry and academia. They are sponsored by IAPR TC-10, the Technical Committee on Graphics Recog- tion within the International Association for Pattern Recognition. Edited v- umes from the previous three workshops in this series are available as Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vols. 1072, 1389, and 1941. After the GREC 2001 workshop, authors were invited to submit enhanced versions of their papers for review. Every paper was evaluated by three reviewers. We are grateful to both authors and reviewers for their careful work during this review process. Many of the papers that appear in this volume were thoroughly revised and improved, in response to reviewers’ suggestions.

This edited volume contains refereed and improved versions of select papers 1 that were presented at the third IAPR Workshop on Graphics Recognition (GREC’99), held at Rambagh Palace in Jaipur, India, 26–27, September 1999. The workshop was organized by the TC10 (Technical Committee on Graphics Recognition) of the IAPR. Edited volumes from the previous two workshops in this series are also available as Lecture Notes in Computer Science (volumes 1072 and 1389). Graphics recognition is the study of techniques for computer interpretation of images of line drawings and symbols. This includes methods such as vectori- tion, symbol recognition, and table and chart recognition for applications such as engineering drawings, schematics, logic drawings, maps, diagrams, and musical scores. Some recently developed techniques include graphics-based information or drawing retrieval and recognition of online graphical strokes. With the recent advances in the ?eld, there is now a need to develop benchmarks for evaluating and comparing algorithms and systems. Graphics recognition is a growing ?eld of interest in the broader document image recognition community. The GREC’99 workshop was attended by ?fty-?ve people from ?fteen co- tries. The workshop program consisted of six technical sessions. Each session began with a half-hour invited talk which was followed by several short talks. Each session closed with a half-hour panel discussion where the authors ?elded questions from the other participants. Several interesting new research directions were discussed at the workshop.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, GREC 2017, held in Kyoto, Japan, in November 2017. The 10 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 initial submissions. They contain both classical and emerging topics of graphics rcognition, namely analysis and detection of diagrams, search and classification, optical music recognition, interpretation of engineering drawings and maps.

This book contains refereed and improved papers presented at the 8th IAPR Workshop on Graphics Recognition (GREC 2009), held in La Rochelle, France, July 22–23, 2009. The GREC workshops provide an excellent opportunity for researchersand practitionersat all levels of experience to meet colleaguesand to share new ideas and knowledge about graphics recognition methods. Graphics recognition is a sub?eld of document image analysis that deals with graphical entities in engineering drawings, sketches, maps, architectural plans, musical scores, mathematical notation, tables, diagrams, etc. GREC 2009 continued the tradition of past workshops held in the Penn State University, USA (GREC 1995, LNCS Volume 1072, Springer Verlag, 1996); Nancy, France (GREC 1997, LNCS Volume 1389, Springer Verlag, 1998); Jaipur, India (GREC 1999, LNCS Volume 1941, Springer Verlag, 2000); Kingston, Canada (GREC 2001, LNCS Volume 2390, Springer Verlag, 2002); Barcelona, Spain (GREC 2003, LNCS Volume 3088, Springer Verlag, 2004); Hong Kong, China (GREC 2005, LNCS Volume 3926, Springer Verlag, 2006); and (GREC 2007, LNCS Volume 5046, Springer Verlag, 2008). The programof GREC 2009 was organized in a single-track 2-day workshop. It comprised several sessions dedicated to speci?c topics. For each session, there was an invited presentation describing the state of the art and stating the open questions for the session’s topic, followed by a number of short presentations thatcontributedbyproposingsolutionstosomeofthequestionsorbypresenting results ofthe speaker’swork. Eachsessionwas then concludedby a paneldisc- sion.