Misinformation And Fake News In Education

Today, like no other time in our history, the threat of misinformation and disinformation is at an all-time high. This is also true in the field of Education. Misinformation refers to false information shared by a source who intends to inform, but is unaware that the information is false, such as when an educator who recommends the use of a learning strategy that is not actually beneficial. Disinformation is false information shared by a source who has the intent to deceive and is aware that the information is false, such as when a politician claim that high-stakes testing will fix K-12 education when in fact there is no evidence to support this practice. This book provides recent examples of how misinformation and disinformation manifest in the field of education and remedies. Section One, Susceptibility to Misinformation, focuses on factors that influence the endorsement and persistence of misinformation. This section will include chapters on: the appeal and persistence of “zombie concepts” in education; learner and message factors that underlie the adoption of misinformation in the context of the newly proposed Likelihood of Adoption Model; cognitive and motivational factors that contribute to misinformation revision failure; cognitive biases and bias transfer in criminal justice training; the influence of conspiratorial and political ideation on the use of misinformation; and, how educational culture and policy has historically given rise to quackery in education. Section Two, Practices in the Service of Reducing Misinformation in Education, focuses on practices aimed at reducing the impact of misinformation, and includes chapters on: misinformation in the education of children with ASD and its influence on educational and intervention practices; the promise of using dynamical systems and computational linguistics to model the spread of misinformation; systematic attempts to reduce misinformation in psychology and education both in and out of the classroom; and the potential perils of constructivism in the classroom, as well as the teaching of critical thinking. Each section has a discussion chapter that explicates emerging themes and lessons learned and fruitful avenues for future research.

Choosing the right technologies to match student learning outcomes in today's technology-integrated classrooms presents educators and instructional designers with multiple curricula and instructional design challenges including selecting appropriate technologies to match desired student learning outcomes. As students continue to have broad access to information from a variety of web-based platforms, educators and educational professionals are increasingly tasked with ensuring the information used to complete key assignments or tasks is authentic and from a verifiable resource. As such, the era of deep fakes in images, audios, videos, and digital texts is more prevalent than ever as numerous programs using artificial intelligence (AI) can significantly alter original content to fundamentally change the intent of original content. Moreover, students are being bombarded by a plethora of information that is either intentionally or mistakenly false and must be navigated with care. Accordingly, educators and educational professionals are now tasked with employing best practices to not only teach basic digital literacy and citizenship skills but also to recognize how technology-immersed learning environments interact with deep fakes and misinformation while equipping students with the tools necessary to recognize authentic and altered content. Deep Fakes, Fake News, and Misinformation in Online Teaching and Learning Technologies is a critical reference source that addresses rising concerns of students’ ability to navigate the multitude of false and altered information and content that is easily accessible through online platforms. The chapters go into deeper detail about how deep fakes, fake news, and mis- and dis-information have the potential of negatively affecting the fields of teaching and learning and the importance of student access to content-related tasks from legitimate, vetted resources that accurately reflect the desired information the student means to convey. The book seeks to reinforce the importance of digital literacy and digital citizenship among adolescents. This book is essential for teaching faculty, higher education faculty, higher education administrators, educational software developers, security specialists, information specialists, media specialists, librarians, educational researchers, and students looking for information on how deep fakes and fake news are being navigated within the context of online teaching and educational technologies.

"This book discusses how educators and educational professionals are now tasked with employing best practices to not only teach basic digital literacy and citizenship skills but also recognize how technology immersed learning environments interact with deep fakes while equipping students with the tools necessary to recognize authentic and altered content"--

Since the 2016 presidential election, the term fake news has become part of the national discourse. In this book, leading civic education scholars unpack why fake news is effective and show K-12 educators how they can teach their students to be critical consumers of the political media they encounter.

Chapters “Identifying Political Sentiments on YouTube: A Systematic Comparison regarding the Accuracy of Recurrent Neural Network and Machine Learning Models”, “Do Online Trolling Strategies Differ in Political and Interest Forums: Early Results” and “Students Assessing Digital News and Misinformation” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Since the 2016 U.S. presidential election, concerns about fake news have fostered calls for government regulation and industry intervention to mitigate the influence of false content. These proposals are hindered by a lack of consensus concerning the definition of fake news or its origins. Media scholar Nolan Higdon contends that expanded access to critical media literacy education, grounded in a comprehensive history of fake news, is a more promising solution to these issues. The Anatomy of Fake News offers the first historical examination of fake news that takes as its goal the effective teaching of critical news literacy in the United States. Higdon employs a critical-historical media ecosystems approach to identify the producers, themes, purposes, and influences of fake news. The findings are then incorporated into an invaluable fake news detection kit. This much-needed resource provides a rich history and a promising set of pedagogical strategies for mitigating the pernicious influence of fake news.

Help students discern fact from fiction in the information they access not only at school but in the devices they carry in their pockets and backpacks. The advent of the 24-hour news cycle, citizen journalism and an increased reliance on social media as a trusted news source have had a profound effect not only on how we get our news, but also on how we evaluate sources of information, share that information and interact with others in online communities. When these issues are coupled with the “fake news” industry that intentionally spreads false stories designed to go viral, educators are left facing a new and challenging landscape. This book will help them address these new realities, providing strategies and support to help students develop the skills needed to effectively evaluate information they encounter online. The book includes: • Instructional strategies for combating fake news, including models for evaluating news stories with links to resources on how to include lessons on fake news in your curricula. • Examples from prominent educators who demonstrate how to tackle fake news with students and colleagues. • A fake news self-assessment with a digital component to help readers evaluate their skills in detecting and managing fake news. • A downloadable infographic with mobile media literacy tips. The companion jump start guide based on this book is Fighting Fake News: Tools and Strategies for Teaching Media Literacy.