Na

Chin-na is one of the most convenient of the martial arts to study. It requires no great amount of practice space and no special or protective clothing or devices. It does, however, require a reliable practice partner. Training by oneself produces no true progress, only a false sense of confidence. Two or more practice partners is even more advantageous. The greater the variety of the partners, the more experience the student will gain and the quicker and more completely the techniques will be mastered.

Time in early America when the Indian Nations lived undisturbed by European intervention comes alive. A great lake fixes an assortment of native traditions and cultures. Forested hills, open grassy meadows, green river valleys and rocky mountain retreats bound this great body of water. These natural boundaries form the secluded homelands of neighboring tribes that circumvent the perimeter of a large lake. The rite of passage into manhood of a young Indian is followed. The saga of a boy becoming a warrior unfolds in a series of adventurous episodes. The ensuing encounters reveal the variety of spiritual beliefs, living standards and tribal practices among the first nations. The young hero is led upon a journey directed by the foretelling from the spirit world. An assortment of native characters appears to reveal the details of life passing long ago in the wilderness. The fullness of living free in the woods and forests of America is shared. The reader fully participates through transportation into primitive rustic American existence.

Yongning Na, also known as Mosuo, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Southwest China. This book provides a description and analysis of its tone system, progressing from lexical tones towards morphotonology. Tonal changes permeate numerous aspects of the morphosyntax of Yongning Na; they are not the product of a small set of phonological rules, but of a host of rules that are restricted to specific morphosyntactic contexts. Rich morphotonological systems have been reported in this area of Sino-Tibetan, but book-length descriptions remain few. This study of an endangered language contributes to a better understanding of the diversity of prosodic systems in East Asia. The analysis is based on original fieldwork data (made available online), collected over the course of ten years, commencing in 2006.

Wing Chun like other styles of martial arts contains the section of painful techniques. It is called chin-na in Chinese martial arts. Many movements in the form «Siu Leem Tau» and in “Form 108 on the wooden dummy” are masked and hidden techniques of chin-na. This book deciphers the movement of the forms of Wing Chun that are used for escaping from grips. This is the first level of chin-na in Wing-Chun. The purpose of the book is to summarize the principles of escaping from the grips, and not to collect all the techniques. The main thing is not the maximum number of techniques, but an understanding of biomechanics and principles of escaping from grips.