Plant Tissue Culture New Techniques And Application In Horticultural Species Of Tropical Region

This book presents latest work in the field of plant biotechnology regarding high-efficiency micropropagation for commercial exploitation at low labor and equipment costs. The book consists of 18 chapters on establishing advanced culture systems, techniques as well as latest modification protocols on a variety of crops. It also discusses new methods such as nylon film culture system, light-emitting diode and wireless light-emitting diode system, stem elongation, wounding manipulation and shoot tip removal, in vitro hydroponic and microponic culture system, thin cell layer culture system etc. Plant cell tissue has been developed more than fifty years ago. Since then applications of in vitro plant propagation expanded rapidly all around the world and played as an important role in agricultural and horticultural systems. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences.

This symposium is the third in a series featuring the propaga tion of higher plants through tissue culture. The first of these symposia, entitled "A Bridge Between Research and Application," was held at the University in 1978 and was published by the Technical Information Center, Department of Energy. The second symposium, on "Emerging Technologies and Strategies," was held in 1980 and pub lished as a special issue of Environmental and Experimental Botany. One of the aims of these symposia was to examine the current state of-the-art in tissue culture technology and to relate this state of technology to practical, applied, and commercial interests. Thus, the third of this series on development and variation focused on embryogenesis in culture: how to recognize it, factors which affect embryogenesis, use of embryogenic systems, etc.; and variability from culture. A special session on woody species again emphasized somatic embryogenesis as a means of rapid propagation. This volume emphasizes tissue culture of forest trees. All of these areas, we feel, are breakthrough areas in which significant progress is expected in the next few years.

This book was written for those individuals who are concerned about the techniques and practices of plant cell cultures for horticultural crops. It was designed to serve as a text and reference for students and professionals in ornamental horticulture, fruit and vegetable crop pro duction, botany, forestry, and other areas of plant science. Research during the last twenty-five years in the area of plant tissue culture has led to many developments and changes in this field. Al though the techniques involved in the manipulation of plant tissue culture are now relatively straightforward, the presentation of these techniques in a short volume for the beginner in the field is generally unavailable. In addition to describing the techniques for establishment and manipulation of specific species, several chapters in this book also provide a brief, general review of important cultural parameters. Spe cific protocols and laboratory procedures may also be found in the appendix. I hope that this presentation of information will be helpful to those individuals wanting to apply plant tissue culture techniques for horticultural crops.

Advances in Plant Tissue Culture: Current Developments and Future Trends provides a complete and up-to-date text on all basic and applied aspects of plant tissue cultures and their latest application implications. It will be beneficial for students and early-career researchers of plant sciences and plant/agricultural biotechnology. Plant tissue culture has emerged as a sustainable way to meet the requirements of fresh produces, horticultural crops, medicinal or ornamental plants. Nowadays, plant tissue culture is an emerging filed applied in various aspects, including sustainable agriculture, plant breeding, horticulture and forestry. This book covers the latest technology, broadly applied for crop improvement, clonal propagation, Somatic hybridization Embryo rescue, Germplasm conservation, genetic conservation, or for the preservation of endangered species. However, these technologies also play a vital role in breaking seed dormancy over conventional methods of conservation. Focuses on plant tissue culture as an emerging field applied in various aspects, including sustainable agriculture, plant breeding, horticulture and forestry Includes current studies and innovations in biotechnology Covers commercialization and current perspectives in the field of plant tissue culture techniques

This publication deals with various aspects of the genetic engineering-plant tissue culture and transformation techniques. Due to their biological, ecological and geographic diversity, the demand for various horticultural crops is likely to increase manifold in the future and in order to meet such demand, there is an urgent need to concentrate on the research aspects for improvement of these crops. Plant tissues culture offers new tools to accomplish this objective. Plant tissue culture is an important area of biotechnology, whic is used for the propagation of problem-species, rapid propagation of high value genotypes, production of secondary metabolites etc. Tissue culture is an important step in developing new hybrids from distant parents and transgenics and particularly cost-effective technology with palpable impact in vegetatively propagated plants, which is celarly visible in improved yields of cultivars incorporating genes from unexplored sources and improved germplasm, enhancement of quality parameters and supply of disease-free clones of true-to-type planting materials. Plant tissue culture is the most rapid and efficacious way to speedy productin of large volumes of identical plants for specific markets. Micropropagation is the quickest way for popularization of new varieties of horiticultural crops where other methods of mass multiplication of genetically pure and homogeneous planting materials are very slow. With the advent of transformation technology, it has become a useful tool to mass produce new plants with genetic material transferred from unrelated sources with the help of tissue culture. The volume contains contributions by several authors highlighting the status of genetic engineering and plant tissue culture research and development programmes in various developing countries and case studies on a few economically important crops. The publication will be of immense value to the working scientists, institutions, policy makers and all those bearing responsibility to develop, implement and intensify programmes in the related subjects in their respective countries. This book provides a good picture of efforts being made and success already achieved in the Third World countries at various levels of development striving to secure gains from the latest advances in science and technology. Contents Chapter 1: China-Cotton Genetic Engineering and Tissue Culture Developments by Reddy Naganagouda and Zhu Shuijin; Chapter 2: Egypt: Development of Transgenic Wheat with Improved Salt and Drought Tolerance by Ahmed Bahelidin & Hala F Eissa; Chapter 3: Egypt-Use of Genetic Engineering Approach to Develop Virus Resistance for Some Plants Belonging to Different Plant Families by Atef Shoukry Sadik; Chapter 4: Egypt-Genetic Transformation of Maize (Zea mays L) by Shireen Assem; Chapter 5: Egypt-Tissue Culture and Transformation of Potato by Taymour Nasr El Din; Chapter 6: Eritrea-Genetic Engineering by Tadesse Mehari; Chapter 7: India-Present Status, Policy and Constrains in Genetic Engineering by Jeetendra Jaysing Solanki; Chapter 8: Indonesia-Review on the Role of Biotechnology for Food Security by Lukit Devy; Chapter 9: Iran-Status of Agricultural Biotechnology by M Kafi; Chapter 10: Kenya-Status of Biotechnology Research and Development by C N Ngaman, M G Karembu and D Otunge; Chapter 11: Kenya-Present Status, Policies and Constraints in Areas Related to Plant Biotechnology by Salome Mallowa Obura; Chapter 12: Malaysia-A Brief Report on Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering by Z A Aziz; Chapter 13: Pakistan-Present Status, Policies and Constraints of Biotechnology by Saghir Ahmed Sheikh; Chapter 14: Sri Lanks-Present Status of Biotechnology by P Aruni Weerasinghe; Chapter 15: Syria-Current Status and Future Prospective of Agricultural Biotechnology Program at GCSAR by Nabila Ali Bacha; Chapter 16: Uganda-Report on the Present Status Policies and Constraints to Genetic Engineering by Kyeyune Gerald Muwanga.

Micropropagation has become a reliable and routine approach for large-scale rapid plant multiplication, which is based on plant cell, tissue and organ culture on well defined tissue culture media under aseptic conditions. A lot of research efforts are being made to develop and refine micropropagation methods and culture media for large-scale plant multiplication of several number of plant species. However, many forest and fruit tree species still remain recalcitrant to in vitro culture and require highly specific culture conditions for plant growth and development. The recent challenges on plant cell cycle regulation and the presented potential molecular mechanisms of recalcitrance are providing excellent background for understanding on totipotency and what is more development of micropropagation protocols. For large-scale in vitro plant production the important attributes are the quality, cost effectiveness, maintenance of genetic fidelity, and long-term storage. The need for appropriate in vitro plant regeneration methods for woody plants, including both forest and fruit trees, is still overwhelming in order to overcome problems facing micropropagation such as somaclonal variation, recalcitrant rooting, hyperhydricity, polyphenols, loss of material during hardening and quality of plant material. Moreover, micropropagation may be utilized, in basic research, in production of virus-free planting material, cryopreservation of endangered and elite woody species, applications in tree breeding and reforestation.

Second in the series, High-Tech and Micropropagation, this work covers the micropropagation of trees and fruit-bearing plants, such as poplar, birches, larch, American sweetgum, black locust, Sorbus, sandalwood, Quercus, cedar, Persian walnut, date palm, cocoa, Citrus, olive, apple, pear, peach, plum, cherry, papaya, pineapple, kiwi, Japanese persimmon, grapevine, strawberry, and raspberry. The importance and distribution of conventional propagation and in vitro studies on individual species are discussed. In particular detail, the transfer of in vitro plants to the greenhouse or the field, and the prospects of commercial exploitation are examined. The book will be of use to advanced students, research workers and teachers in horticulture, forestry and plant biotechnology in general, and also to individuals interested in industrial micropropagation.

Plant Tissue Culture forms an integral basis of the present day biotechnology. Plant Tissue Culture: Practices and New Experimental Protocols is being brought out to fill the existing gap in the available literature on plant tissue culture, especially focusing on the aspects of practical procedures and protocols of tissue culture. This book contains important experimental techniques and gives guidance on carrying out hands-on experiences. It has been designed in a simple way, giving all the necessary procedures as a general guideline and also necessary tips to maneuver any problem encountered. These tips are based on the first hand experiences of the author while teaching and researching the techniques of plant tissue culture. A unique feature of this book is the inclusion of several techniques describing the actual protocols experimented and developed with different plant species by different scientists. A substantial number of original colored plates including fluorescence photographs standout the book. This pioneering work is valuable for the students who are looking for fresh outlook and search.