Trans Fatty Acids And Heart Disease

Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have been used for many years to impart desirable physical characteristics to fats and fat blends used in food manufacturing. However, clinical trials and epidemiological studies conducted over the last thirty years have shown that TFAs can increase “bad” cholesterol levels in the blood while reducing “good” cholesterol. Accordingly, they are also linked with increased risks of coronary heart disease, thrombosis and strokes. For this reason, the food industry has been obliged to find alternatives to TFAs, thus enabling it to meet the presumed consumer demand for “low” or “no” trans fats products. The issue is becoming more and more pressing. For example, US labelling regulations now require that food manufacturers state the trans fat content of their products on the packaging. This book provides an overview of trans fatty acids in oils and fats used in food manufacture. Topics covered include: the chemistry and occurrence of TFAs; analytical methods for determining the fatty acid composition including TFAs of foods; processing techniques for reducing, minimising or even avoiding the formation of TFAs; TFA alternatives in food; health and nutrition concerns and legislative aspects. It is directed at chemists and technologists working in edible oils and fats processing and product development; food scientists and technologists; analytical chemists and nutritionists working in the food industry.

In this completely rewritten Second Edition of Trans Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition authors who are recognised international authorities in their field have addressed the major areas of trans fatty acids (TFA) research such as consumption, analysis, biochemistry, synthesis and natural TFA biosynthesis, health effects, food formulation, and also regulation and consumer perception. Each chapter contains the latest references and major advances and breakthroughs in a specific area of trans fatty acids research. Furthermore, the book also includes a discussion of a major issue - the health effects of the natural trans isomers, comparing their effects to those observed for TFA produced during hydrogenation. The availability of so much information in a single volume will help to clarify the major effects of TFA in human nutrition that have been discovered over the last two decades. This book guides the next generation of scientists to the important opportunities for making further progress in this challenging field of research. The First Edition of Trans Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition carried out a very similar task for the state of our knowledge in the late 1990s but the rapid expansion and progress in the subject meant that it had to be completely re-written and expanded from the original nine to the present fifteen chapters of the Second Edition.

Epidemiological studies have continued to increase awareness of how trans fats impact human nutrition and health. Because of the adverse effects, trans fats labeling regulations were introduced in 2006. Since then, the fats and oils industry and food product manufacturers have researched and implemented a number of novel, practical, and cost-effective solutions for replacing trans fats with alternate products. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of the trans fats chemistry, labeling regulations, and trans fat replacement technologies. It also deals with world-wide trends and scenarios in terms of regulations and trans fat replacement solutions. Includes details on how trans fats became a part of our food chain, why they remain a health issue, and what replacement solutions exist Offers in-depth analysis of the structure, properties, and functionality of fats and oils Describes trans fats regulations and scenarios in different geographies around the world

Secrets of a Kosher Girl integrates the ancient principles of a kosher diet and lifestyle with proven weight-loss strategies emphasizing whole foods, or "clean eating." This easy-to-follow 21-day diet and exercise plan results in an average loss of 6 to 11 pounds and improvements in mood, muscle mass, and energy, along with cholesterol and blood sugar levels. Beth lost weight on her proven program and shows how you can too. First, you’ll discover how to prepare your mind, body, and pantry to follow the diet successfully, and how it’s important to have the strong discipline and intuitive eating techniques inherent in a kosher diet to condition your mind. Next, Beth explains how physical activity is not only important to health and weight loss, but how this concept has been around since biblical times. Last, Beth provides everything you need to start the program: 21 days of meal plans, recipes, and daily fitness goals, with motivational quotes to inspire you along the way. Lose weight the kosher way!