Sensing And Control For Autonomous Vehicles

This edited volume includes thoroughly collected on sensing and control for autonomous vehicles. Guidance, navigation and motion control systems for autonomous vehicles are increasingly important in land-based, marine and aerial operations. Autonomous underwater vehicles may be used for pipeline inspection, light intervention work, underwater survey and collection of oceanographic/biological data. Autonomous unmanned aerial systems can be used in a large number of applications such as inspection, monitoring, data collection, surveillance, etc. At present, vehicles operate with limited autonomy and a minimum of intelligence. There is a growing interest for cooperative and coordinated multi-vehicle systems, real-time re-planning, robust autonomous navigation systems and robust autonomous control of vehicles. Unmanned vehicles with high levels of autonomy may be used for safe and efficient collection of environmental data, for assimilation of climate and environmental models and to complement global satellite systems. The target audience primarily comprises research experts in the field of control theory, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

In the near future, we will witness vehicles with the ability to provide drivers with several advanced safety and performance assistance features. Autonomous technology in ground vehicles will afford us capabilities like intersection collision warning, lane change warning, backup parking, parallel parking aids, and bus precision parking. Providing you with a practical understanding of this technology area, this innovative resource focuses on basic autonomous control and feedback for stopping and steering ground vehicles.Covering sensors, estimation, and sensor fusion to percept the vehicle motion and surrounding objects, this unique book explains the key aspects that makes autonomous vehicle behavior possible. Moreover, you find detailed examples of fusion and Kalman filtering. From maps, path planning, and obstacle avoidance scenarios...to cooperative mobility among autonomous vehicles, vehicle-to-vehicle communication, and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, this forward-looking book presents the most critical topics in the field today.

This book provides the latest information in intelligent vehicle control and intelligent transportation. Detailed discussions of vehicle dynamics and ground-vehicle interactions are provided for the modeling, simulation and control of vehicles. It includes an extensive review of past and current research achievements in the intelligent vehicle motion control and sensory field, and the book provides a careful assessment of future developments.

It has long been the goal of engineers to develop tools that enhance our ability to do work, increase our quality of life, or perform tasks that are either beyond our ability, too hazardous, or too tedious to be left to human efforts. Autonomous mobile robots are the culmination of decades of research and development, and their potential is seemingly unlimited. Roadmap to the Future Serving as the first comprehensive reference on this interdisciplinary technology, Autonomous Mobile Robots: Sensing, Control, Decision Making, and Applications authoritatively addresses the theoretical, technical, and practical aspects of the field. The book examines in detail the key components that form an autonomous mobile robot, from sensors and sensor fusion to modeling and control, map building and path planning, and decision making and autonomy, and to the final integration of these components for diversified applications. Trusted Guidance A duo of accomplished experts leads a team of renowned international researchers and professionals who provide detailed technical reviews and the latest solutions to a variety of important problems. They share hard-won insight into the practical implementation and integration issues involved in developing autonomous and open robotic systems, along with in-depth examples, current and future applications, and extensive illustrations. For anyone involved in researching, designing, or deploying autonomous robotic systems, Autonomous Mobile Robots is the perfect resource.

This book is the first technical overview of autonomous vehicles written for a general computing and engineering audience. The authors share their practical experiences of creating autonomous vehicle systems. These systems are complex, consisting of three major subsystems: (1) algorithms for localization, perception, and planning and control; (2) client systems, such as the robotics operating system and hardware platform; and (3) the cloud platform, which includes data storage, simulation, high-definition (HD) mapping, and deep learning model training. The algorithm subsystem extracts meaningful information from sensor raw data to understand its environment and make decisions about its actions. The client subsystem integrates these algorithms to meet real-time and reliability requirements. The cloud platform provides offline computing and storage capabilities for autonomous vehicles. Using the cloud platform, we are able to test new algorithms and update the HD map—plus, train better recognition, tracking, and decision models. This book consists of nine chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of autonomous vehicle systems; Chapter 2 focuses on localization technologies; Chapter 3 discusses traditional techniques used for perception; Chapter 4 discusses deep learning based techniques for perception; Chapter 5 introduces the planning and control sub-system, especially prediction and routing technologies; Chapter 6 focuses on motion planning and feedback control of the planning and control subsystem; Chapter 7 introduces reinforcement learning-based planning and control; Chapter 8 delves into the details of client systems design; and Chapter 9 provides the details of cloud platforms for autonomous driving. This book should be useful to students, researchers, and practitioners alike. Whether you are an undergraduate or a graduate student interested in autonomous driving, you will find herein a comprehensive overview of the whole autonomous vehicle technology stack. If you are an autonomous driving practitioner, the many practical techniques introduced in this book will be of interest to you. Researchers will also find plenty of references for an effective, deeper exploration of the various technologies.

Elon Musk thought that his company Tesla will have fully autonomous cars ready by the end of 2020. "There are no fundamental challenges left," he said recently. "There are a number of minor issues. And then there's a struggle to solve all these little problems and bring the whole thing together." Although the technology to allow a car to complete a journey without human interference (what the industry calls "level 5 autonomy") can move quickly, the development of a vehicle that can do so safely and legally is another matter. The novelty of autonomous technology is intended to turn our legal and social ties into daily transport. Importantly, without a driver behind the wheel, autonomous vehicles raise concerns about the liability and responsibility for the conduct of the lane. Therefore, this book is structured to answer many questions about autonomous vehicles and make you not only understand all the aspects of this emerging technology, but master the discussions and debates about the following topics: Chapter One: The rise of autonomous vehicles Autonomous vehicles become reality History of Autonomous vehicles Road Items Weights Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE International) Chapter Two: Tesla Autopilot AutoPilot AI Advanced Sensor Coverage Wide, Main and Narrow Forward Cameras Wide Main Narrow Forward Looking Side Cameras Rearward Looking Side Cameras Rear View Camera Radar Ultrasonic Sensors Processing Power Increased 40x Tesla Vision Autopilot Navigate on Autopilot Autosteer+ Smart Summon Full Self-Driving Capability From Home To your Destination Chapter Three: A level-by-level explainer of autonomous vehicles Classification System For The Development Of Innovations The J3016 Guidelines Six SAE level Criticism of SAE classification Level 0: No automation Level 1: Driver assistance Level 2: Partial automation Level 3: Conditional automation Level 4: High automation Level 5: Full automation Chapter Four: Main Connectivity Specifications Of Autonomous Vehicles Vehicle-To-Everything Architectures must be both redundant and real-time. The demand for high-speed data would increase only Security and other applications Include external connectivity Autonomous driving efficiency and reliability are non-negotiable More and more electrified cars would need a new approach to safety Next generation Car Design Would Need Miniaturized Solutions Co-creation of the future of mobility Chapter Five: Building Passenger Trust Is Key Technology for self-driving cars is accelerating fast, but our driverless future isn't going anywhere if people don't trust it. rules of the road implicit laws are more challenging The math-based AV safety model What is Sensitive Protection Responsibility? RSS is compatible with other AV systems How are AVs safely sharing the road with human drivers? 01 Safe distance: Don't hit the car in front of you 02 Cutting in: Don't cut it in recklessly 03 Right of Way: Right of way is given, not taken 04 Limited Visibility: Be cautious in areas with limited visibility 05 Avoid Crashes: If you can avoid a crash without causing another one, you must Moving past the miles-driven Improving road safety with RSS today RSS to gain support Baidu Valeo China ITS Alliance RAND Corp. The Arizona Institute for Automated Mobility Joint Research Institutes Chapter Six: The reasons Autonomous vehicles still aren’t on our roads The Gap Between the Invention and The Application Sensors Machine Learning The Open Road Regulations Social Acceptability Chapter Seven: Legal frameworks and other national initiatives The United States European Union Membership United Arab Emirates Japan Australia Chapter Eight: Liability, ethics and human rights implications The novelty of autonomous vehicles The critical debate Autonomy Threats Chapter Nine: Leading opinions on an ethical rollout for autonomous vehicles The Three Laws of Robotics The Ethical Dilemmas of Autonomy The Worst-Case Scenario The Trolley Issue Chapter Ten: Social and economic implications Roads Safety Vehicles Ownership and Vehicles Insurance Jobs Chapter Eleven: Ongoing research and impediments to autonomous vehicle development Research and Development The Social Acceptance of Autonomous Vehicles Chapter Twelve: The Sensor Types Drive Autonomous Vehicles Multiple Redundant Sensor Systems Overview of the study SAE Levels Short DESCRIPTIONS No car manufacturer has reached level 3 or higher Which sensors are needed? Camera and LIDAR Systems Cameras Back and 360° cameras Front-Facing Camera Systems RADAR Sensor LiDAR Summary and insight

Autonomous Driving and Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS): Applications, Development, Legal Issues, and Testing outlines the latest research related to autonomous cars and advanced driver-assistance systems, including the development, testing, and verification for real-time situations of sensor fusion, sensor placement, control algorithms, and computer vision. Features: Co-edited by an experienced roboticist and author and an experienced academic Addresses the legal aspect of autonomous driving and ADAS Presents the application of ADAS in autonomous vehicle parking systems With an infinite number of real-time possibilities that need to be addressed, the methods and the examples included in this book are a valuable source of information for academic and industrial researchers, automotive companies, and suppliers.